Other People's Money, and How the Bankers Use ItBrandeis, Louis Dembitz
History
Other People's Money, and How the Bankers Use It
Brandeis, Louis Dembitz
Banks and banking -- United States; Finance -- United States
The Pujo Committee recommends, as a remedy for such excessive charges,
that interstate corporations be prohibited from entering into any
agreements creating a sole fiscal agent to dispose of their security
issues; that the issue of the securities of interstate railroads be
placed under the supervision of the Interstate Commerce Commission;
and that their securities should be disposed of only upon public or
private competitive bids, or under regulations to be prescribed by the
Commission with full powers of investigation that will discover and
punish combinations which prevent competition in bidding. Some of the
state public-service commissions now exercise such power; and it may
possibly be wise to confer this power upon the interstate commission,
although the recommendation of the Hadley Railroad Securities
Commission are to the contrary. But the official regulation as proposed
by the Pujo Committee would be confined to railroad corporations; and
the new security issues of other corporations listed on the New York
Stock Exchange have aggregated in the last five years $4,525,404,025,
which is more than either the railroad or the municipal issues.
Publicity offers, however, another and even more promising remedy: a
method of regulating bankers’ charges which would apply automatically
to railroad, public-service and industrial corporations alike.
The question may be asked: Why have these excessive charges been
submitted to? Corporations, which in the first instance bear
the charges for capital, have, doubtless, submitted because of
banker-control; exercised directly through interlocking directorates,
or kindred relations, and indirectly through combinations among bankers
to suppress competition. But why have the investors submitted, since
ultimately all these charges are borne by the investors, except so far
as corporations succeed in shifting the burden upon the community? The
large army of small investors, constituting a substantial majority
of all security buyers, are entirely free from banker control. Their
submission is undoubtedly due, in part, to the fact that the bankers
control the avenues to recognizedly safe investments almost as fully
as they do the avenues to capital. But the investor’s servility is due
partly, also, to his ignorance of the facts. Is it not probable that,
if each investor knew the extent to which the security he buys from the
banker is diluted by excessive underwritings, commissions and profits,
there would be a strike of capital against these unjust exactions?
THE STRIKE OF CAPITAL
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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