The third phase of the Meuse-Argonne campaign found the Americans
absolutely confident of success. They knew their superiority over the
Germans, and the American Army was constantly growing stronger while the
Germans grew weaker. Pershing was able to send well-rested divisions
into the battle. The final advance began on November 1. American
artillery was stronger than ever in numbers and much more experienced.
Never before had our army seen such a barrage, and the German infantry
broke before the advance of the doughboys. The German heart to fight had
begun to develop murmurs, although there were some units among the enemy
forces which fought with great gallantry until the very end.
Aincreville, Doulcon, and Andevanne fell in the first day of the attack.
Landres et St. Georges was next to go, as the Fifth Corps, in an
impetuous attack, swept up to Bayonville. On November 2, which was the
second day of the attack, the First Corps was called in to give added
pressure. By this time the German resistance was pretty well broken. It
was now that the motor-truck offensive began. Behind the trucks the
field-guns rattled along as the artillerymen spurred on their horses in
a vain effort to catch up with something at which they could shoot. At
the end of the third day of the attack the American Army had penetrated
the German line to a depth of twelve miles. A slight pause was then
necessary in order that the big guns might come up, but on November 5
the Third Corps crossed the Meuse. They met a sporadic resistance from
German machine-gunners but swept them up with small losses. By the 7th
of November the chief objective of the offensive thrust was obtained. On
that day American troops, among them the Rainbow Division, reached
Sedan. Pershing's army had cut the enemy's line of communication.
Nothing but surrender or complete defeat was left to him.
In estimating the extent of the American victory it is interesting to
note that General Pershing reported that forty enemy divisions
participated in the Meuse-Argonne battle. Our army took 26,059 prisoners
and captured 468 guns. Colonel Frederick Palmer estimates that 650,000
American soldiers were engaged in the battle. This is a greater number
than were engaged at St. Mihiel, and it was, of course, a new mark in
the records of the American Army. Colonel Palmer has stated his opinion
that Meuse-Argonne was one of the four decisive battles of the war. The
other three which he names are the first battle of the Marne, the first
battle of Ypres, and Verdun.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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