On July 25, one week from the beginning of the offensive, the Americans
and French from the Soissons side and the British and French from the
Rheims side had squeezed in the neck of the trap till it measured only
twenty-one miles. The French arrived within three miles of
Fère-en-Tardenois, and although the German resistance increased again,
the evacuation of Fère and the removal of stores to Fismes, far up on
the straight line, were foreshadowed.
The road leading between the two supply-bases was shelled incessantly,
and the difficulties of resistance within the fast-narrowing salient
became almost superhuman. But the rear-guard of the Germans "died to a
man," to quote the observers, and the rear action held the Allied gains
to a few miles daily.
A definite retreat began on the morning of July 27, with what the airmen
reported as an obvious determination to make a stand on the Ourcq. The
forest of Fère was taken, and many villages, but the fighting was
insignificant because, in the language of the communiqués, "our forces
lost contact with the enemy." Possibly this is what the famous phrase of
the Ludendorf communiqué, "The enemy evaded us," had in mind.
There was a certain psychological stupidity in this German decision to
make a stand on the Ourcq. It was on the Ourcq that Joffre and Foch made
the fatal stroke of the first Marne battle, and the very name of the
river inspired France.
While this retreat was in progress, the swiftest of the battle, the
German communiqué read: "Between the Ourcq and the Marne, the enemy's
resistance has broken down. Our troops, with those of our allies, are in
pursuit."
On the 29th the Germans crossed the Ourcq, with the Americans behind
them. The "pursuit" continued. The American troops, with French to the
right and left of them, forced the enemy to within a mile of the Vesle,
where his halt had no hope of being more than temporary. The brilliant
charge across the Ourcq was done by New Yorkers--the "fighting 69th,"
which refuses to be known by its new name of "165th." Edwin L. James,
writing of this charge for the New York _Times_, said: "There is doubt
if any chapter of our fighting reached the thrills of our charge across
the Ourcq yesterday. Americans of indomitable spirit met a veritable
hell of machine-guns, shells, gas, and bombs in a strong position, and
broke through with such violence that they made a salient jutting into
the enemy line beyond what the schedule called for."
This American charge cured the Germans of any intention to stay on the
Ourcq. The resistance, after that first attack, was sporadic and
ineffectual. Village after village was reclaimed.
It became plain that the whole Marne salient was to be obliterated, and
that the Germans could not stop till they reached the thirty-six-mile
stretch directly from Soissons to Rheims, at which they had strong
intrenchments.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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