M.A. Mikkelsen, _The Bishop Hill Colony, A Religious Communistic Settlement in Henry County, Illinois_ (1892). Charles Nordhoff, _The Communistic Societies of the United States_ (1875). A description of communities visited by the author. J.H. Noyes, _History of American Socialisms_ (1870). W.R. Perkins, _History of the Amana Society or Community of True Inspiration_ (1891). E.O. Randall, _History of the Zoar Society_ (2d ed. 1900). Bertha M. Shambaugh, _Amana, the Community of True Inspiration_ (1908) gives many interesting details. Albert Shaw, _Icaria, a Chapter in the History of Communism_ (1884). A brilliant account. INDEX A.P.A., _see_ American Protective Association Acadia, French in, 18 Adams, J.Q., and Owen, 94 Afghans in United States, 207 Africans, Reed favors exclusion of, 232; _see also_ Negroes Alabama admitted as State (1819), 33 Albany, Shakers settle near, 91; Irish in, 113 Alien and Sedition laws (1798), 221 Amana, 82-84 America, cosmopolitan character, 19-20; American stock, 21 _et seq._; origin of name, 21-22; now applied to United States, 22; Shakers confined to, 92; "America for Americans," 114; _see also_ United States _American Celt_, McGee establishes, 120 (note) American Missionary Association, work with negroes, 58 American party, 114; _see also_ Know-Nothing party American Protective Association, 221-22 Amish, 68 (note) Anabaptists in Manhattan, 17 Ancient Order of Hibernians, 117 Angell, J.B., on commission to negotiate treaty with China, 198 Antwerp, German emigrants embark at, 134 Arkansas, frontiersmen in, 36; chosen as site by Giessener Gesellschaft, 136; Italians in, 211; Slavs in, 213 Armenians, 184; as laborers, 122; at Granite City (Ill.), 217 Arthur, C.A., and Chinese exclusion act, 199 Asiatics, Pacific coast favors exclusion of, 232; _see also_ Orientals Australia deflects migration to United States, 150 Babcock, K.C., _The Scandinavian Element in the United States_, quoted, 158 Balch, E.G., _Our Slavic Fellow Citizens_, quoted, 164-65; cited, 167 (note), 174 Baltimore, Ephrata draws pupils from, 71; Irish immigrant association, 109; Irish in, 113; Germans in, 127; Italians in, 180; condition of immigrants landing in, 224 Bancroft, George, estimates number of slaves, 47 Barlow, Joel, 151 Bäumeler, _see_ Bimeler Bayard, Nicholas, 16 Beissel, Conrad (or Beizel, or Peysel), 70, 71 Belgians in Charleroi (Penn.), 217 Berkshires, Germans in, 127 Bethlehem, communistic colony, 72 Bimeler, Joseph (or Bäumeler), 78-79 Bishop Hill Colony, 85-89 Black Hand, 182 "Boat Load of Knowledge," 94 Bogart, E.L., _Economic History of the United States_, cited, 52 (note) Bohemians, in United States, 159-60, 165-66; as North Slavs, 164; on the prairies, 213; on Pacific slope, 213