Our Legal Heritage: King AEthelbert - King George III, 600 A.D. - 1776Reilly, S. A.
History
Our Legal Heritage: King AEthelbert - King George III, 600 A.D. - 1776
Reilly, S. A.
Law -- England -- History
9) -With regard to debts which have been lent in Bristol, and mortgages
there made, pleas shall be held in the town according to the custom of
the town.
10) If any one in any other place in my land shall take toll of the men
of Bristol, if he does not restore it after he is required to, the
Prepositor of Bristol may take from him a distress at - - Bristol, and
force him to restore it.
11) No stranger tradesman may buy within the town from a man who is a
stranger, leather, grain, or wool, but only from a burgess.
12) No stranger may have a shop, including one for selling wine, unless
in a ship, nor shall sell cloth for cutting except at the fair.
13) No stranger may remain in the town with his goods for the purpose
of selling his goods, but for forty days.
14) No burgess may be confined or distrained any where else within my
land or power for any debt, unless he is a debtor or surety (to avoid a
person owed a debt from distraining another person of the town of the
debtor).
15) They shall be able to marry themselves, their sons, their daughters
and their widows, without the license of their lords. (A lord had the
right of preventing his tenants and their families from marrying
without his consent.)
16) No one of their lords shall have the wardship or the disposal of
their sons or daughters on account of their lands out of the town, but
only the wardship of their tenements which belong to their own fee,
until they become of age.
17) There shall be no recognition [acknowledgment that something done
by another person in one's name had one's authority] in the town.
18) No one shall take tyne [wooden barrel with a certain quantity of
ale, payable by the townsmen to the constable for the use of the
castle] unless for the use of the lord Earl, and that according to the
custom of the town.
19) They may grind their grain wherever they may choose.
20) They may have their reasonable guilds, as well or better than they
had them in the time of Robert and his son William [John's wife's
grandfather and father, who were earls of Gloucester when the town and
castle of Bristol were part of the honor of Gloucester].
21) No burgess may be compelled to bail any man, unless he himself
chooses it, although he may be dwelling on his land.
We have also granted to them all their tenures, messuages
[dwelling house with adjoining land and adjacent buildings], in copses
[thicket from which wood was cut], in buildings on the water or
elsewhere to be held in free burgage [tenant to pay only certain fixed
services or payments to his lord, but not military service (like free
socage)]. We have granted also that any of them may make improvements
as much as he can in erecting buildings anywhere on the bank and
elsewhere, as long as the borough and town are not damaged thereby.
Also, they shall have and possess all waste land and void grounds and
places, to be built on at their pleasure.
Newcastle-on-Tyne's taxes were simplified in 1175 as follows:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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