[6] Nor ought he to answer without day and term, unless he have fallen into 'miskenning' [error in pleading], except in matters which pertain to the Crown. [7] If a ship have put in at Tynemouth and wishes to depart, the burgesses may buy what they will [from it]. [8] If a plea arise between a burgess and a merchant, it shall be concluded before the third ebb of the tide. [9] Whatever merchandise a ship has brought by sea must be landed, except salt; and herring ought to be sold in the ship. [10] If any man have held land in burgage for a year and a day, lawfully and without claim, he shall not answer a claimant, unless the claimant have been without the realm of England, or a child not of age to plead. [11] If a burgess have a son, he shall be included in his father's freedom if he be with his father. [12] If a villein come to dwell in the borough, and dwell there a year and a day as a burgess, he shall abide altogether, unless notice has been given by him or by his master that he is dwelling for a term. [13] If any man appeal [sue] a burgess of any thing, he cannot do [trial by] battle with the burgess, but the burgess shall defend himself by his law, unless it be of treason, whereof he is bound to defend himself by [trial by] battle. [14] Neither can a burgess do [trial by] battle against a foreigner, unless he first go out of the borough. [15] No merchant, unless he be a burgess, may buy [outside] the town either wool or leather or other merchandise, nor within the borough except [from] burgesses. [16] If a burgess incur forfeit, he shall give six ounces [10s.] to the reeve. [17] In the borough there is no merchet [payment for marrying off a daughter] nor heriot nor bloodwite [fine for drawing blood] nor stengesdint [fine for striking with a stick]. [18] Every burgess may have his own oven and handmill if he will, saving the right of the King's oven. [19] If a woman be in forfeit for bread or beer, no one ought to interfere but the reeve. If she forfeit twice, she shall be chastised by her forfeit. If three times, let justice be done on her. [20] No one but a burgess may buy webs [woven fabrics just taken off the loom] to dye, nor make nor cut them. [21] A burgess may give and sell his land and go whither he will freely and quietly unless there be a claim against him." The nation produced sufficient iron, but a primitive steel [iron with carbon added] was imported. It was scarce and expensive. Steel was used for tools, instruments, weapons and armor. Ships could carry about 300 people. Navigation was by simple charts that included wind direction for different seasons and the direction of north. The direction of the ship could be generally determined when the sky was clear by the position of the sun during the day or the north star during the night.