Our Schools in War Time—and AfterDean, Arthur D. (Arthur Davis)
History
Our Schools in War Time—and After
Dean, Arthur D. (Arthur Davis)
Education -- United States; World War, 1914-1918 -- War work -- Schools
If any evidence of the accuracy of this opinion were needed,
it is necessary only to consult the records of the United States
War Department. The following table shows the number of applicants
for enlistment in the United States army, furnished by the several
recruiting districts, together with the number accepted or rejected
in said districts, fiscal years ending June 30, 1911 to June 30,
1915:
====================+==========+====================+====================
| | | ACCEPTED | REJECTED
|TOTAL +---------+----------+---------+----------
|NUMBER OF | |Per cent | |Per cent
|APPLICANTS| Number |of total | Number |of total
| | |applicants| |applicants
--------------------+----------+---------+----------+---------+----------
Total for five years| 747,704 | 157,043 | 21 | 590,661 | 79
====================+==========+=========+==========+=========+==========
In order, therefore, that all citizens may be properly trained
and prepared to perform effectively all their duties, no matter
what they may be, we recommend and strongly urge that the necessary
steps be taken to provide for all the schools of the state a
complete and thorough system of physical training. This system
should be compulsory for all pupils, and should include carefully
selected exercises adapted to the different ages of pupils, and
designed to protect their health, stimulate bodily functions, and
promote physical strength. It should apply to all girls as well as
boys. It should aim to prevent bodily abnormalities or deformities,
or to correct them if they are found to exist. It should include
personal and community sanitation, first aid in emergencies,
bandaging, and all forms of instruction in personal safety. It
should encourage outdoor activities. It should provide abundant
games for all pupils in which group activities are prominent, and
in which appeal may be made to the spirit of competition. It may
include those features of military drill which properly serve
the purposes of physical training, but which must be regarded as
subordinate to these purposes. It may even include practice with
the miniature or the service rifle, if such practice is regarded
as necessary to develop steadiness of nerve, bodily control, and
accuracy of sight. In the case of such exercises the educational
error does not lie in their use, but in the exaggerated military
purpose which they are made to serve. All the features and
exercises of the thorough course of physical training which we
recommend should be intimately connected and interrelated, on the
one hand with the moral or character-forming instruction of the
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