That physiologists, then, should so long have permitted others to encroach upon their proper province, is disgraceful to them, and has been most mischievous to science. To this is owing the barbarism of the doctrine of mind. As physiologists abandoned it, philosophers found it difficult to give it a name.—Some called it morals—others metaphysics—and others, the philosophy of the mind. But I have just endeavoured to shew, that it is neither morals nor metaphysics, nor the philosophy of the mind—but the philosophy of the intellectual organs of the human body. FIRST PRELIMINARY LECTURE TO THE COURSE OF PATHOLOGY AND THE PRACTICE OF MEDICINE; EXHIBITING THE OUTLINE OF A NATURAL SYSTEM OF PATHOLOGY, MEDICINE AND THE MATERIA MEDICA. GENTLEMEN, I shall not, on the present occasion, detain you with prefatory remarks; but, as a fairer proof than any I can adduce, of the necessity of such a course of lectures as I now propose, shall merely repeat to you, upon this subject, the sentiments of one whom genius in the science and skill in the art of medicine have elevated high in his profession, and whose eloquence is not less admirable than his professional abilities. “To ally anatomy,” says he, “more closely with surgery, to connect the art more intimately with the science from which it flows, seems to me a task as yet imperfectly accomplished, though of the very highest importance.—Anatomy is not made interesting to the pupil as the basis of our reasoning on disease, the rule of our prognostications, the sole guide in operating: He is taught to know the parts and remember their names, and then he is dismissed from the school; and of this school we are all pupils, abandoned early in our career, left to learn, in the hurry of practice, the very principles of the science!—The anatomy of surgery differs widely from that taught in the schools.—Pathology, which ought to unite science with art, is a sort of neutral ground betwixt the two provinces of anatomy and surgery, little regarded on either hand.” To obviate these important defects is the very object of the present lectures.—I shall assiduously study to supply all of them; I shall, after delivering a natural system of medical science in general, the tendency of which is not to controvert one established fact, but by pointing out their relations, to consolidate, to simplify and if possible to increase the amount of our knowledge on all the subjects of medicine—I shall, I say, after this, enter into all its details, point out the relative situation of those parts which perpetually come under the care of the surgeon, explain all the variety, of the applications of an original, fundamental and universally applicable principle of surgical operation, and endeavour to direct the student, while, with his own hand, he performs each of these operations.