9 59 30 Arcturus in the middle of the band; very bright and regular in outline, and widest at the zenith. 10 0 30 Arcturus on northern edge; north side better defined than the southern. 10 2 0 Arcturus 1° north; very bright. 10 2 30 Gamma and Delta Leonis, northern edge. 10 3 Regulus on southern age; getting faint. 10 5 Fast fading away. 10 5 30 Scarcely visible; bank in north faint. This aurora was due to the _inner vortex ascending_, whose period was at this time 28 days. There are several circumstances to be observed in this case. The bow brightened and faded simultaneously with the aurora, and respected the vertex of the auroral bank, being apparently concentric with it. The bow, therefore, depends on the same cause, but differs from the aurora in being limited to the _surface_ of the atmosphere in which the vortex has produced a wave to the southward of its central path, as may be understood by inspecting Fig. 2, Sec. 1,--the figure representing the polar current of the central vortex. On the 29th of May, 1840,[32] the author saw a similar phenomenon, at the same time of night, and passing over the same stars southward until it reached within 5° of Jupiter and Saturn, to which it was parallel. This atmospheric wave offers a greater resistance to the passage of the ether: hence the light. On this account it is, also, that when the passage of a vortex is attended by an auroral display there will be no thunder-storm. There may be an increase of wind; but the atmosphere at such times is too dry to make a violent storm, and there is a silent restoration of the equilibrium, by the ether passing through the dry atmosphere, without meeting any condensable vapor, and becoming luminous on account of the greater resistance of the air when unmixed with vapor. We thus see also the connection between the aurora and the linear cirri, and we have a triumphant explanation of the fact, that when the observer is north of the northern limit of the vortices, he sees the aurora to the south and not to the north; for, to see it to the northward, he would have to see it in the same latitude as it appears in the south, and, consequently, have to see across twice the complement of the latitude. We thus see, also, why the temperature falls after an aurora; for, the passage of electricity in any shape, must have this effect on account of the great specific caloric of this fluid. We see, also, why the aurora should be more frequent where the magnetic intensity is greatest and be consequently invisible at the equator, and why the magnetic needle is so sensibly affected at the time of its occurrence. We may, perhaps, here be allowed to allude to another phenomenon connected with terrestrial magnetism and electricity. EARTHQUAKES.