Passing now from the intellectual interpretation to the intellectual
expression of religion, and noting the successive stages through which
it must necessarily advance towards dogma, I remark once more that
man's first language is that of the imagination. The imagination of
the child or of the savage animates, dramatises, and transfigures
everything. It spontaneously engenders vivid and poetic images. At
the beginning, religion, consisting chiefly of emotions, presentiments,
movements of the heart, clothed itself in mythologic forms.... But the
age of individual reflection comes. The image tends to change into the
idea. Men interpret, define, translate it. The religious myth is
replaced by the religious doctrine. These are at first entirely
personal interpretations. Nevertheless, these opinions desire to
propagate themselves, to become general, and, as they are imperfect and
diverse, they engender conflicts which threaten to become schisms.
Myths, appealing to the imagination merely, and only professing to
translate the common emotion, draw souls together and fuse them into a
real unity; individual reason, private exegesis, inevitably separates
them. But the consciousness of the community, thus menaced, naturally
reacts by the instincts of conservation. There is therefore a struggle
between the two, and out of this conflict dogma is born.
A new element must intervene. There must be a Church. Now, all
religions do not form churches. The phenomenon is only produced in the
universalist and moral religions. Strictly speaking, there is no
Church except in Christianity; and no dogmas save Christian dogmas. In
ancient societies, where religion was confounded either with the State,
or with the nationality, the religious unity was maintained and
guaranteed by the same means as the political unity. There were no
dogmas, because dogmas were of no use. As much may be said of Hebraism
and of Islam: in them there were rites, external signs and seals, which
sufficed to weld and to maintain the religious bond.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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