[Illustration: Common Berberry.] 8. VIOLACEÆ (Viola odorata) Sweet Violet. (Viola tricolor) Heart's-ease. The well known Sweet-smelling Violet belongs to this order, which otherwise contains no plants of importance, except one, the Cephaelis Ipecacuanha, which produces the well-known emetic bearing that name. [Illustration: Sweet Violet.] 9. DROSERACEÆ (Drosera rotundifolia) Sun-dew. The Sun-dew is so called from the globules of a sort of viscid liquid excreted by the hairs of this plant while in sunshine, and looking like dew; some species of this order have their leaves so irritable that an insect alighting on them causes them to shut up and catch it, hence the name "Venus's Fly Trap" (Dionea muscipula) which is given to an American species. [Illustration: Sun-dew.] 10. POLYGALACEÆ (Polygala vulgaris) Milk-wort. The Polygala Senega, or Virginian Snake-root, is a member of this order; it is celebrated in America for the cure of the bite of snakes, and is used here as an expectorant. The Rhatany, a very powerful astringent, is also of this order. [Illustration: Milk-wort.] 11. CARYOPHYLLACEÆ (Lychnis dioica) Bachelor's Buttons. (Dianthus caryophyllus) Common Pink. (Stellaria media) Chickweed. There are upwards of a thousand species of this order, but none are of much importance; they form however many of our most beautiful ornamental garden flowers, of which the Carnation, Sweet William, and several others, are familiar to all. [Illustration: Bachelor's Buttons.] [Illustration: Pink.] 12. TILIACÆ (Tilia Europæa) Lime Tree. The Lime Tree grows often to a great size, is a fine handsome tree, commonly found in our plantations, has heart shaped leaves, and flowers generally in corymbs; it is very general in tropical climates, and produces a fine close grained wood. [Illustration: Lime Tree.] 13. HYPERICACEÆ (Hypericum perforatum) Perforated Hypericum. Many species of Hypericum are cultivated in our gardens, and form handsome flowers; the well known plant called Aaron's Beard (Hypericum calycinum) is a member of this order, and is remarkable for the long runners which it throws out forming fresh plants at intervals. It is often suspended in pots, from which these runners descend in a very graceful manner. [Illustration: St. John's Wort.] 14. MALVACEÆ (Malva sylvestris) Common Mallow. (Althæa officinalis) Marsh Mallow.