10. SAXIFRAGACEÆ (Robertsonia umbrosa) London Pride. [Illustration: London Pride.] These are plants growing, for the most part, in mountainous regions, and in the crevices of rocks. The London Pride and Hydrangea are the best known, the latter producing very large corymbs of flowers. They occur in temperate climates in most parts of the world. 11. APIACEÆ, or } (Foeniculum officinale) Fennel. UMBELLIFERÆ } (Conium maculatum) Hemlock. (Apium graveolens) Celery. (Petroselinum sativum) Parsley. [Illustration: Fennel.] [Illustration: Hemlock.] Contains many of our useful vegetables, as the Carrot (Daucus Carota), Parsnip (Pastinaca), &c. The Celery also, and many of our aromatic seeds, are produced by the Umbelliferæ, as Anise, Carraway, Dill, Coriander, and Fennel. Some members, however, are poisonous, as Hemlock (Conium Maculatum), and Cow-bane or Water Hemlock (Cicuta Virosa). ORDERS OF COROLLIFLORÆ. 1. CUCURBITACEÆ (Cucurmis melo) The Melon. (Elaterium agreste) Spirting Cucumber. [Illustration: Melon.] The Cucumber (Cucurmis Sativa), the Melon (Cucurmis Melo), both esteemed as delicacies, are of this order. Also the numerous tribe of Gourds (Cucurbita), as the Pumpkin, Large Gourd, Bottle Gourd, Squash, &c., also the Vegetable Marrow. Gourd-shells form the most common vessels for holding liquids, in many parts of Asia. 2. CORNACEÆ (Cornus Sanguinea) Dogwood. [Illustration: Dogwood.] These plants are chiefly shrubs or trees, growing in most temperate regions, and especially in America. The Cornelian Cherry (Cornus muscula) produces a berry somewhat resembling a cherry. Some species are used in America as a tonic medicine. 3. CAPRIFOLIACEÆ (Sambucus nigra) Elder Tree. (Viburnum tinus) Laurustina. (Caprifolium perfoliatum) Honeysuckle. [Illustration: Honeysuckle. Guelder Rose.] This order contains few plants of any importance. The Honeysuckle is a very favourite ornamental plant, and the fruit of the Elder produces the Elderberry-wine so much used on Christmas Eve, with toasted bread, in many parts of the country. 4. GALIACEÆ (Galium cruciatum) Cross Wort. (Rubia tinctorum) Madder. [Illustration: Cross-wort.] The root of the Madder is one of our most important "dye-stuffs," producing the most permanent reds and browns used in dyeing. It is a native of the south of Europe and of Asia. Animals fed upon madder are found to have their bones tinged of a red colour. 5. VALERIANACEÆ (Valeriana officinalis) Valerian. (Cetranthus ruber) Red Valerian. [Illustration: Valerian. Red Valerian.] Valerian is indigenous, growing by ditches, and bearing a pink flower; the root is used in medicine, and has a most disagreeable odour. Several species are cultivated as ornamental garden flowers; there are about 125 species.