To this order belong the Eels (fig. 41). They have no abdominal fins,
and are therefore called apodial, or footless; they very much resemble
the serpent in their elongated form; they live chiefly in rivers and
ponds, in the mud of which they obtain worms, &c., upon which they
feed, they have been known to leave the water at night and travel
for some distance in search of worms, frogs, &c. These fish live a
long time after they are removed from the water, and are extremely
tenacious of life; their skins are covered with such fine small scales
that they appear quite smooth, and are extremely slimy. The Conger Eel
is much thicker in proportion than the common Eel, and has a dorsal
fin like a fringe all down the back; it grows to the weight of ninety
or a hundred pounds sometimes. Eels are often caught by thrusting
many-pronged spears (having the spears barbed) into the mud, and the
Eels are brought up sticking between the prongs. The Electrical Eel
(Gymnotus electricus) belongs to this section; it somewhat resembles
a large ordinary Eel four or five feet long, but has a broad ventral
fin running all along its lower part; it is famous for its power of
giving electrical shocks when touched, and seems to have the power of
using this influence at pleasure, but after giving a certain number
of shocks its power becomes exhausted, and it has to remain some time
before it can again give out shocks of any strength; these shocks
are sufficiently strong to prove fatal to small animals, and even
to mules and horses crossing the streams which they frequent, when
a number will attack them at once. This creature is a native of the
rivers and pools of South America, Demerara, &c.; the natives kill
them by driving in a great number of horses, and when the Eels have
exhausted their electrical powers, they are then caught and killed.
5. LOPHOBRANCHI (Tufted gill).
[Illustration: FIG. 42--HIPPOCAMPUS (From a dried specimen).]
To the Lophobranchi belongs the Pipe-fish (Hippocampus, or Sea-horse,
fig. 42). The following is Dr. Baird's description of these curious
little creatures:--
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