Gulf stream 101 Sand, formation of 102 " none in deep seas 102 Diatomaceæ 103 Foraminiferæ 104 Salt, the source of 104 Sea-water, composition of 105 Tides 105 Waters, beneficially arranged 107 Steam navigation 108 Introduction to organic kingdoms 110 THE VEGETABLE KINGDOM. Quantity, distribution, &c. 112 Forests of Russia and America 113 Sargasso sea, sea-weed 114 Diatomaceæ 114 Fungi, mould, mildew, &c. 116 Coral reef, fertilisation of 118 Vegetables, composition of 118 " feed on the air 119 " the food of animals 119 " mode of growth 120 " action of light and heat on 121 Seeds, germination of 122 Growth, promoted by rain 123 Endosmose, experiment on 123 Carbonic acid decomposed by plants 124 Sap, course of 124 Vegetables, position they hold 125 " compared with radiata 126 " description of parts of 127 Leaves, forms of 130 Corolla, forms of 132 Stamens, arrangement of 133 Fruit, forms of 134 Inflorescence, forms of 136 Vegetable kingdom, divisions of 139 Acrogenæ 141 Algæ 141 Fungi 143 Lichens, ferns 144 Liverworts 145 Mosses, various 146 Horsetails 147 Endogenæ 147 Bamboo, applications of 152 Endogenæ, orders of 154 Grasses 154 Sedges, Arums 155 Bull-rush, Colchicum 156 Lily, Narcissus 157 Crocus, Orchids 158 Naiads, Flowering rushes 159 Water Plantain 160 Exogens 160 " wood of 161 " age of 162 Baobab 163 Woods, various kinds of 165 Galls, formation of 167 Wood, uses of 167 Exogens, size of 168 Wellingtonia Gigantea 168 Banyan 170 Exogens, sub-classes of 170