Outlines of Zuñi Creation Myths: Thirteenth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1891-1892, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1896, pages 321-448 — John Shaqi
Outlines of Zuñi Creation Myths: Thirteenth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1891-1892, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1896, pages 321-448Cushing, Frank Hamilton
History
Outlines of Zuñi Creation Myths: Thirteenth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1891-1892, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1896, pages 321-448
Cushing, Frank Hamilton
Zuni mythology
But in course of time, as the people dwelling, when needful, in
these secure retreats increased in numbers, and available caves
became filled, the huts, especially in the more suitable shelters,
were crowded together in each, until no longer built separately, but
in irregularly continuous rows or groups at the rear, each divided
from others by simple, generally straight, partitions, as are the
dwelling divisions of the Tarahumári today. But unlike the latter,
these hut-like rooms of the northern cave-dwellers were still rounded
outwardly, that is, each hut (where not contiguous to or set in the
midst of others, as was the case with those along the front), retained
its circular form. The partitions and foundation walls were still
built low, and still surmounted by converging cross-laid upper courses
of logs or saplings and roofs of thatch. As with the Tarahumári, so
with these earliest cliff dwellers of the north; their granaries
were far more perfectly constructed than their own abiding places.
To adequately protect their store or provision from seed-devouring
animals, no less than from the elements, it became necessary to place
it in dry crannies or pockets of the cliffs near at hand, preferably in
recesses as far back in their caves as possible, and also to seal it up
in these natural receptacles. At first (as may be seen in connection
with the caves of Las Tusas, Arizona, containing some of the oldest and
rudest separate hut remains I have yet examined) the mouths of these
receptacles were walled up with dry-laid stones, carefully chinked,
and plastered inside with mud, precisely as were the granary pockets
of the Havasupai Indians seen by me in 1881. Later, while still the
houses continued to be mere low-walled and partitioned sheds or huts
of dry masonry, these granaries came to be quite well constructed, of
mud-laid walls, and were enlarged, as stores increased with increase
of settlement and tillage, until they had to be built outward from the
niches like good sized, slightly tapering bins, protruding somewhat
from the cave walls, and finally forming, as do the granaries of the
Tarahumári today, miniature prototypes of the perfected single cliff
house of a far later day.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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