Wolsey, Thomas, Cardinal, building of _Tom Quad_ by, 19, 20; destruction of western bays of S. Frideswide by, 20, 21; fellow and senior bursar of Magdalen, 235; attacks on, by Skelton, 254, 255; charter to University granted at request of, 256; foundation of Christ Church by, 259; seizure of Church property for same, 260, 261; downfall of, 268, 269; appeal of, to King, concerning his college, 269 Wood, Anthony, historian of Oxford, 330, 331; quotations from, _passim_ Woodstock, palace and park, construction of, by Henry Beauclerk, 54 Wren, Sir Christopher, cupola of Tom Tower by, 49; architect of Trinity, 289; deputed to carry letter of thanks to Henry Howard for gift of Arundel Marbles, 339; marks of his genius left on Oxford, 339, 340 Wycliffe, John, 133 _seq._; position of, at Oxford and at court, 134; alliance of, with Lancastrian party, 134; summons to, for erroneous teaching, 134, 135; opposition to Papacy declared by, 135; religious movement started by, 135, 136; attack on friars by, 136, 137; heretical doctrines of, and conflict of, with Church, 137 _seq._; death of, 140; remains of, dug up and burnt, 145 PRINTED BY TURNBULL AND SPEARS, EDINBURGH FOOTNOTES: [1] _Cornhill Magazine._ [2] Pie-Powder Court--a Summary Court of Justice held at fairs, when the suitors were usually country clowns with dusty feet--(_pied poudré_). [3] The earliest mention of Oxford occurs in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle under the year 912. It is there spelt Oxnaforda and Oxanforda, and in Domesday Book it is spelt Oxeneford. Coins from Eadward's day onwards show that Ox at least was regarded as an essential element in the word, and it is most easy to assume that the place was called after the Ford of the Oxen in the river here. But the easiest explanation is seldom the best. And a rival theory explains the name as a corruption of Ouse-ford, or Ousen-ford, _i.e._, the Ford over the River. For the evidence is strongly in favour of the probability that the name Ouse was at one time applied to the Thames, which indeed has one of the dialectic forms of the word Ouse retained in it, viz. Tam-_ese_, though the theory that the junction of the Isis or Ouse and Thame made Tamisis = Thames, is fanciful. The other form of the word is retained in the Oseneye of Osney Abbey, and a tributary stream retains the hardened form Ock. Therefore Ousen-ford or Oxen-ford may mean the River-ford. There is no certainty in these matters, but the latter derivation commends itself most. [See Parker's "Early Oxford" (O.H.S.), to which I have been frequently indebted in the first part of this chapter.]