Oxford (England) -- History; University of Oxford -- History
There was a hospital in Stockwell Street, at the back of Beaumont
Palace; there was a hospital of Bethlehem at the north end of S. Giles'
Church and Alms-house Place in Holywell. Of hermitages we may mention
that known as S. Nicholas Chapel on the west side of South Bridge. The
hermits who lived there successively were called the hermits of Grand
Pont. They passed their lives, we are told, in continual prayer and
bodily labour--"in prayer against the vanities of the world, for poor
pilgrims and passengers that steered their course that way, receiving of
them something of benevolence for that purpose; in bodily labour by
digging their own graves and filling them up again, as also in delving
and making highways and bridges."
"Our Lady in the wall" was the name of another hermitage near S.
Frideswide's Grange, which was in great repute at one time for the
entertainment of poor pilgrims who came to be cured by the waters of S.
Edmund's well (Cowley Place).
The hospital of S. John Baptist was founded some time before the end of
the thirteenth century for the relief of poor scholars and other
miserable persons. Among the property granted or confirmed to it by
Henry III. in a very liberal charter, was the mill known as King's Mill
at the Headington end of the path now called Mesopotamia, because it
runs between the two branches of the river.
As a site for rebuilding the hospital the brethren were given (1231) the
Jews' Garden, outside the East Gate of Oxford, but it was provided that
a space should be reserved for a burial-ground for the Jews. This
ground formed part of the present site of Magdalen College, and part of
the site of the Physic Garden, which lies on the other side of the High
Street, facing the modern entrance to that college. The latter site was
that reserved for the Jews' cemetery; the hospital buildings were
erected on the other portion. When Waynflete began to enlarge and
remodel his foundation of Magdalen Hall (1456), he obtained a grant from
the king whereby the hospital (which had ceased to fulfil its purpose)
and its possessions were assigned to the President and Fellows of the
Hall.
Two years later a commission was appointed by the Pope, which confirmed
the suppression of the hospital and its incorporation in the college
which Waynflete had been licensed to found,
"whereby he proposed to change earthly things to heavenly, and
things transitory to things eternal, by providing in place of the
Hospital a College of a President, secular scholars and other
ministers for the service of God and the study of theology and
philosophy; of whom some are to teach these sciences without fee at
the cost of the College."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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