Pagan Origin of Partialist DoctrinesPitrat, John Claudius
Religion
Pagan Origin of Partialist Doctrines
Pitrat, John Claudius
Catholic Church -- Controversial literature; Future punishment; Universalism
Ireneus was born in Greece, in 140. He became bishop of Lyons, Gaul. He
wrote several theological works in the Greek language. He believed in a
general judgment, and in the millenium, namely, in a temporal kingdom of
Jesus Christ on earth, which was to last one thousand years immediately
before the general judgment. During this reign of Jesus Christ, the
Christians were to enjoy a happiness which was to be a foretaste of the
happiness they should enjoy after the general judgment. Not only this
Father did not teach the dogma of endless hell, but according to the
ultramontane Bergier, he has been charged by the pretended Orthodox
divines with having expressed himself in an heterodox manner upon the
divinity of the Word; upon the spirituality of the angels and of the
human soul; upon free agency and the necessity of grace; and upon the
state of the souls after death. He seemed to be inclined to believe
Metempsychosis--this, however, is our private opinion, resting on his
general views on the state of the souls after death. The Catholics
invoke but one passage of his writings against this opinion. Grabe, a
Protestant, published at Oxford, in 1702, an edition of his works; it is
quite different from the Catholic editions.
Theophile was promoted to the episcopal see of Antioch, in 168. We have
from his pen but three Books to Autolic; they have been edited by Don
Prudent Marand. He is the first Father who used the word Trinity. His
works are a refutation of Paganism, and an apology of Christianism. We
could not find in them the dogma of endless hell; he only vaguely
speaks of rewards and pains hereafter.
We have seen that the above Fathers, who compose the complete list of
the Fathers of the second century, neither taught the dogma of endless
hell, nor have recorded that the first Christians held such a dogma.
Therefore we may draw the conclusion that the first Christians did not
believe the doctrine of endless hell.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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