The _first premolar_ stands immediately behind the canine, is longer than that of the upper jaw, consisting of a single pointed lobe implanted by one fang, slightly recurved with a flat inner and convex outer face. Passing in front of the first upper premolar, it leaves a considerable diastema between this and the second premolar. The _mandible_ approximates in form that of the tapir; the lower border is less curved fore and aft, the alveolar border is slightly concave antero-posteriorly. The molars converge in front, presenting a very different arrangement from that in _Sus_. The ramus is heavy, contracting in depth forward, and very slightly in section. Below the alveolus, on the interior side, the ramus is greatly swollen for two thirds of its depth, to accommodate the very long and strong molar fangs. The rami converge to the second premolar, where they expand laterally to the canine alveolus. The symphysis is shorter relatively than in _P. paludosus_, and the chin is regularly rounded in front. The mental foramen is below the second premolar. The dental foramen is small, very high up, and far behind the molars. The alveolar border ascends rapidly behind the last molar, expanding laterally into two ridges. The coronoid is slender and recurved. The condyle is broad, flat behind, inclines forward internally; there is scarcely any depression between the condyle and the coronoid. The masseteric fossa is very wide and deep. The angle of the ramus is broken, but evidently has no such posterior extension as in _P. paludosus_. It thins out rapidly behind. _Measurements._ --------------------------------------------------+---------+---------- | P. pal. | P. major. +---------+---------- UPPER JAW. | M. | M. Length of entire molar series | ·147 | ·170 Length of three true molars | ·085 | ·102 Length of three premolars | ·058 | ·068 Diameter of last molar, transverse | ·039 | ·047 Diameter of last molar, antero-posterior | ·036 | ·036 Diameter of second molar, transverse | ·036 | ·040 Diameter of second molar, antero-posterior | ·033 | ·036 Length of incisor series | ···· | ·075 Fore-and-aft diameter of canine at base | ·016 | ·021 Length of crown of canine | ···· | ·033 Diastema between canines and incisors | ···· | ·013 Diastema between canines and molars | ···· | ·010 --------------------------------------------------+---------+----------