Produced by Tamise Totterdell and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive) PAN-ISLAM MACMILLAN AND CO., LIMITED LONDON . BOMBAY . CALCUTTA . MADRAS MELBOURNE THE MACMILLAN COMPANY NEW YORK . BOSTON . CHICAGO DALLAS . SAN FRANCISCO THE MACMILLAN CO. OF CANADA, LTD. TORONTO PAN-ISLAM BY G. WYMAN BURY _Author of "The Land of Us," "Arabia Infelix."_ MACMILLAN AND CO., LIMITED ST. MARTIN'S STREET, LONDON 1919 TO MY WIFE PREFACE I have written this book to present the main factors of a many-sided problem--political, social and religious--in a form which the general public can easily grasp. Modern democratic principles tend to give the public increasing control of international and inter-racial affairs, and therefore any contribution to public knowledge on such questions is in the interests of sound administration. The book is not intended to advise those who actually handle these affairs: I give such advice, when required, in more detail and not through the medium of a published work. "Pan-Islam" is an elementary handbook, not a text-book--still less an exhaustive treatise, but the questions it discusses are real enough. My qualifications for writing it are based on a quarter of a century's experience of the subject in most parts of the Moslem world, and I have studied the question in areas which I have not actually visited through intercourse with pilgrims from those parts. I have no axe to grind or infallible panacea to advocate; I merely lay the result of my researches before the public for its information, as failing health has warned me to "pass the ball when collared," and I would like to think that the land where most of my life's work has centred will not be mishandled by cranks and opportunists after I have left the game. An arm-chair is a sorry substitute for an Arab pony, and a garden plot for the highlands of Arabia Felix, but the human mind is not necessarily confined by such trammels, and if my environment is narrow I hope my book is not. G. WYMAN BURY. Helouan, 27th July, 1919. CONTENTS PAGE CHAPTER I ITS ORIGIN AND MEANING 11 CHAPTER II ITS BEARING ON THE WAR 24 CHAPTER III ITS STRENGTH AND WEAKNESS 83 CHAPTER IV MOSLEM AND MISSIONARY 110 CHAPTER V A PLEA FOR TOLERANCE 187 PAN-ISLAM CHAPTER I ITS ORIGIN AND MEANING