Art, 158; and Beauty, 237, 251; origin of, 239; question of subject in, 244, 268; an expression of life, 246, 250; Greek and Hottentot ideals of, 253; classification of the arts, 254; art in structure, 256; in ornament, 259; artistic effect of use and service, 260. See Music, Dancing, Literature, etc. Asceticism, 214 _sqq._, 218 _note_ Axolotl, 125 _Azolla_ fern, 141 Bacon, F., 6 Becoming, the universe a, 20, 186; Deity conceived as ‘becoming,’ 5 Beddard, F. E., 24 _note_, 58, 106 Bentham, J., 200 Berkeley, Bp., 165 _note_, 176 _note_ Bifocal eyes in fish, 99 Bisexuality, significance of, in _Mollusca_, 101 Bose, J. C., 21 _note_ Brain-structure and Will, 178, 184 Brown-Séquard, 78 Butler, Bp., 241 Bütschli, O., 30 Butterflies, protective colouring of, 15, 83, 98, 106, 113, 127 Catullus, 222 Cave-animals, 71, 72 _note_, 78 Cell, the, 29, 38; division of, 40 _sqq._; germ and sperm cells, 45, 51; fusion of, in reproduction, 53 Chaffinch, case of hermaphrodite, 58 Chlorophyll, 24; in animals, 26 Christ, 205; martyrdom of, 232 Chromatin, 39 _sqq._ Cleanthes, 247 Co-adaptation, 70, 80, 98, 138 Competition, 58, 105 Conjugation, 47 Conscience, 211 Co-operation among animals, 104, _Appendix B_; among species, 138 Crabs, hermit, 141; Molucca, 280 Crystallization, 22 _note_, 156 Dancing, 270 Darwin, Erasmus, 6, 281 Darwin, Francis, 7, 33, 72, 87, 138 Death, significance of, for the spirit, 190, 235 Deity, the end, not beginning of nature, 5; personality of, 14, 17; immanent or transcendent? 155; defined by Æschylus, 159; an infinite, not related to phenomena, 162; how approached by man, 159, 162, _Appendix A_ Determinants, 44; competition among, 98; significance of, in evolution, 68, 96 Determinism, doctrine of, 163 _sqq._ Development contrasted with growth, 32 Dice, of nature loaded, 92, 102 Dominants. See Reinke Drama, 272 Dualism, 195 Duty, sense of, not created by pleasures and pains, 203; effects of, compared with those of self-indulgence, 212 Ego, the, 157, 207, _Appendix A_ Eimer, G., 77 _note_, 110, 113 _note_, 137, 143, 152 Elk, the Irish, 70 Energy, how obtained by plants, 25; developed by synthesis, 27, 147; vital and mechanical, how distinguished, 144, 146, 148; supposed effects of the equal distribution of, 222 Epictetus, 218, 226 Ethics, how affected by determinism, 162-3; ethical development a condition of Free-will, 171; the problem of evil, 199, 207; utilitarian systems of, 201; goal of ethical action, 203 _sqq._; sanction of ethical action, 234; ethics epitomized, 234; ethics of sex relations, _Appendix E_