Evolution, change in point of view produced by, 7, 8, 16, 17; produced competition, 104; unknown factors in, 149; evolution and involution, 186, 228. See Adaptation, species Fisher, M., 270 Francis of Assisi, 215, _Appendix D_ Free-will, position stated, 164 _sqq._; reason in action, 166; Spencer on, 166 _note_; conditions of, 169; moral bias of, 169 _sqq._; limitations of, 171 _sqq._; how evolved, 174; can it be reconciled with Monism? 175; will and brain, 177 _sqq._ Germinal Selection, 93, 96 Goethe, 6, 31, 185, 267 Goodyear, W. H., 258 _note_ Gravity, action of, on plants, 62, 145 Guinan, Rev. J., 218 _note_ Günther, C., 142, 152 Haeckel, E., 39 _note_, 124, 126, 196, 239 Henslow, G., 123 Heracleitus, 146 _note_, 278 Hermaphroditism, 58, 101 Hugo, V., 273 Hume, D., 6 _note_ _Hydra_, 26 Ids, 44 Immortality, 189, 225, 283 Imperfections in nature, 4, 14, 143, 152 Impressionist school, 266 Intelligence in nature, 14, 16, 130, 157 Irish, the, in the U.S.A., 212 _note_ Isabella and Claudio, problem of, _Appendix E_ James, W., on Free-will, 176 Kakasu Okakura, 250 _note_ _Kallima paralecta_, 83, 129 Kellogg, V. L., 144 _note_, 149 Keyserling, H. v., 13 _note_, 17 Knight, W., 239 Kramskoy, 243 Kropotkin, P., 104, _Appendix B_ Lamarck, J. B., 6, 68; arguments against his theory, 75, 112, 202; Lamarckism the only alternative to ‘metaphysics,’ 91 Language, evolution of, 133 Lankester, Ray, 24 _note_ Le Bon, G., 223 Le Dantec, F., 22, 222 _Lepus Huxleyi_, 126 Life, universality of, 21; characteristics of organic, 23; mechanical conception of, 35, 92, 97; continually being produced, 37; innate capabilities of, 109; final cause of, 206, 208; the individual and the cosmic, 226; the goal of nature, 114, 246; polarity of, 253 Literature, 271 Lodge, O., 147 _note_ Lotze, H., 185, 196 Maeterlinck, M., 290 Manet, E., 266 _note_ Man, the growing-point of life, 154 Martyrdoms, significance of, for ethics, 230, 233; of Socrates, 230; of Christ, 232 Matter, its nature unknown, 178; transmitter of consciousness, 188; relation with consciousness not fortuitous, 192; known only through life, 224 Mauclair, C., 266 _note_ Mendel, Abbott, 58 _note_ Metabolism, 27 Metaphysics, physics rooted in, 110 Miers, H. A., 22 Mill, J. S., 164, 177, 201 Mind, 137, 167. See Spirit, Intelligence Mitosis, 42 _note_ Monism, 17 _sqq._; compatible with Free-will, 176; dualism and, 195 Moorhead, T. G., 83 Morlon, 243 Movement, in music, 262, 264; in literature, 272 Music, 261 _sqq._, 272 Mysticism, 150 Nägeli, C. v., 39, 110, 140, 149