In the ‘Boston Medical and Surgical Journal’ for the years 1852-53-54, Dr J. X. Chabert described several cases of Tænia, and he averred that the tapeworms were associated with numerous specimens of _Distoma hepaticum_. The passage of distomes by patients during life was even regarded by Dr Chabert as indicative of the presence of Tænia within the intestines. Surely, I remarked, Dr Chabert was mistaken. Are not these so-called distomes the well-known _proglottides_? Not willingly doubting Dr Chabert’s statements, but desirous, if possible, of verifying the accuracy of his conclusions, I wrote to him (March 22nd, 1864) requesting the loan of a specimen, but I was not fortunate enough to receive a reply. In the “Case of Tænia” in a boy four and a half years old, given in the 49th vol. of the journal, Dr Chabert writes as follows:--“In consequence of his passing the _Distoma hepaticum_, I concluded he must be afflicted with Tænia.” Further on it is added, that the administration of an astringent injection “caused the discharge of innumerable small worms (_Distoma hepaticum_).” I think this is quite decisive. The idea of “innumerable” flukes being expelled in this way is altogether out of the question. The only genuine case in which any considerable number of Distomata, of this species, have been observed in the human subject is the one recently recorded by Dr Prunac. In this instance two flukes were vomited along with blood immediately after the administration of salines (sel de Seignette), and about thirty were passed per anum. On the following day, some tapeworm proglottides having been evacuated, both salts and male-fern extract were administered. This caused the expulsion of an entire tapeworm, and also about twenty more flukes. Notwithstanding this successful treatment the hæmatemesis returned in about a month, when, finally, three more flukes were vomited and the bleeding ceased. Had not the parasites been submitted for identification to a competent observer (Prof. Martins, of Montpellier), some doubt might have been entertained as to the genuineness of this remarkable case. In reference to Dr Prunac’s comments on the facts of fluke-parasitism in man, I will only remark that Dr Kerr’s Chinese cases, to which he refers, were probably due to _Distoma crassum_ and not to _D. hepaticum_. The Chinese flukes will be noticed below.