Produced by Juliet Sutherland, Chuck Greif and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net PARIS FROM THE EARLIEST PERIOD TO THE PRESENT DAY VOLUME II [Illustration] [Illustration: TYPES OF PARISIAN WORKMEN PHOTOGRAVURE, AFTER THE PAINTING BY N. GŒNEUTTE] _IL FLOTTE SANS ÊTRE SUBMERGÉ_ [Illustration: Crown] PARIS FROM THE EARLIEST PERIOD TO THE PRESENT DAY WILLIAM [Illustration: Crest] WALTON _VOLUME II_ PHILADELPHIA GEORGE BARRIE & SON, PUBLISHERS COPYRIGHT, 1899, BY GEORGE BARRIE & SON CONTENTS VOLUME II CHAPTER IV THE ADMINISTRATION, NATIONAL AND MUNICIPAL [Illustration: LIFE IN THE CASERNE: LATE FOR RECALL. From a drawing, in colors, by George Scott.] THE ADMINISTRATION, NATIONAL AND MUNICIPAL [Illustration: INITIAL LETTER O FROM A DESIGN BY M. LELOIR.] One of the grandest institutions of ancient France was the Parlement de Paris, and its history and that of the _prévôts_ would constitute a history of the capital, while that of the fitful and accidental convocations of the _États Généraux_ would in nowise illustrate that of the nation. Our facilities for acquiring a knowledge of the functions and methods of procedure of the Parlement have been greatly increased by the numerous critical historical works which have appeared within the last few years, amongst which that of M. Felix Aubert, which covers the long period between its origin, in 1250, and the reign of François I, when it was "the instrument par excellence of the national unity and pacification," is, perhaps, the most valuable. The establishment of the _magistrature prévôtale_, replacing that of the Vicomte de Paris, has been credited to Hugues Capet, but the first official record appears to be a charter given in favor of the monks of Saint-Martin-des-Champs, dated in the last year of the reign of Henri I, 1060, and bearing the signature of Étienne, _prévôt_ de Paris. This officer was a lieutenant of the king, designated by him to administer justice in his name; he presided over the tribunal of the Châtelet, and commanded the _guet_, or watch, and the noblesse in the _arrière-ban_ of the general muster for war. In Paris, this office required the command of important funds, and several citizens sometimes combined to give guarantees for the _prévôt_. Nevertheless, the latter was frequently found unworthy of this trust, and the Étienne of 1060 appears in the chronicles as advising the young king, Philippe I, to plunder the treasury of Saint-Germain-des-Prés, with the view of securing for himself the famous cross of gold brought from Spain by Childebert. This nefarious scheme was undertaken, but at the moment when the burglarious _prévôt_ put out his hand to seize the cross, he was suddenly stricken with blindness.