Parish life in mediæval EnglandGasquet, Francis Aidan
History
Parish life in mediæval England
Gasquet, Francis Aidan
England -- Church history -- 1066-1485; England -- Social life and customs -- 1066-1485
On the return to the church, should the Blessed Sacrament have been
consumed, the light was to be extinguished and the bell silenced, so
that the people might understand, and not, in this case, kneel as the
priest passed along. Lyndwood adds that the people should be told to
follow the Sacrament with “bowed head, devotion of heart, and uplifted
hands.” They were to be taught also to use a set form of prayer as the
priest passed along, such as the following: “Hail! Light of the world,
Word of the Father, true Victim, Living Flesh, true God and true Man.
Hail flesh of Christ, which has suffered for me! Oh, flesh of Christ,
let Thy blood wash my soul!” The great canonist says that he himself
on these occasions was accustomed to make use of the well-known “_Ave
verum Corpus, natum ex Maria Virgine_,” etc.
[Illustration: HEARSE AND PALL, FIFTEENTH CENTURY. CANTORS AT LECTERN]
The bell and light, or lights, for the visitation of the sick, were to
be found by the parish, and the churchwardens’ accounts consistently
record expenses to procure and maintain these lights. In some places,
apparently, the people found two such lanterns instead of the one which
the law obliged them to furnish. In the Archdeacon’s visitations,
also, there were set inquiries to see that the parish did its duty
in this matter. In one such examination there are references to the
necessary “cyphus pro infirmis,” which is stated to be good, bad, or
wanting altogether. What this may have been is not quite clear; but
probably it was the dish in which the priest purified his fingers,
after having communicated the sick person. Myrc gives a rhyming summary
of what a priest should know about visiting the sick. He is to go fast
when called; he is to take a clean surplice and a stole, “and pul thy
hod over thy syght;” in case of death being imminent, he is not to make
the sick man confess all his sins, but merely charge him to ask God’s
mercy with humble heart. If the sick man cannot speak, but shows by
signs that he wishes for the Sacraments--“Nertheless thou schalt hym
Soyle, and give hym hosul and holy oyle.”
The bishops watched carefully to see that no laxity should creep into
the mode of giving the Viaticum to the sick. Bishop Grandisson, in
1335, issued a special mandate to the priests of his diocese on the
matter, as he had heard that some carelessness had been noticed. He
reminds them that the Provincial Constitutions were clear in their
prescriptions that all were to wear a surplice and stole, unless the
weather were bad, and then these might be carried and put on before the
room of the sick man was entered. They must always have the light borne
before them, however, and the bell was to be rung to call the attention
of the people generally to the passing of the Sacrament, and thus
enable them to make their adoration.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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