Magic tricks -- Juvenile literature; Scientific recreations -- Juvenile literature
Fill a small narrow-necked bulb with port wine, or with water and
coloured spirit of wine, and put the bulb into a tall, narrow glass
jar, which is then to be filled up with cold water: immediately,
the coloured fluid will issue from the bulb, and accumulate on the
surface of the water in the jar, while colourless water will be seen
accumulating at the bottom of the bulb. By close inspection, the
descending current of the water may also be observed, and the coloured
and the colourless liquids be seen to pass each other in the narrow
neck of the bulb without mixing.
The whole of the coloured fluid will shortly have ascended, and the
bulb will be entirely filled with clear water.
PYRAMID OF ALUM.
Put a lump of alum into a tumbler of water, and, as the alum dissolves,
it will assume the shape of a pyramid. The cause of the alum decreasing
in this peculiar form is briefly as follows: at first, the water
dissolves the alum very fast, but as the alum becomes united with the
water, the solvent power of the latter diminishes. The water, which
combines first with the alum, becomes heavier by the union, and falls
to the bottom of the glass; where it ceases to dissolve any more,
although the water which it has displaced from the bottom has risen
to the top of the glass, and is there acting upon the alum. When the
solution has nearly terminated, if you closely examine the lump, you
will find it covered with geometrical figures, cut out, as it were, in
relief, upon the mass; showing, not only that the cohesion of the atoms
of the alum resists the power of solution in the water, but that, in
the present instance, it resists it more in some directions than in
others. Indeed this experiment beautifully illustrates the opposite
action of cohesion and repulsion.
VISIBLE VIBRATION.
Provide a glass goblet about two-thirds filled with coloured water,
draw a fiddle-bow against its edge, and the surface of the water will
exhibit a pleasing figure, composed of fans, four, six, or eight in
number, dependent on the dimensions of the vessel, but chiefly on the
pitch of the note produced.
[Illustration]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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