Pathology of Lying, Accusation, and Swindling: A Study in Forensic PsychologyHealy, William
Science
Pathology of Lying, Accusation, and Swindling: A Study in Forensic Psychology
Healy, William
Criminal psychology; Swindlers and swindling
16 16<2> 12<1> 3 10% 2/7
15 10 14<3> 3 12% 2/5
4 12 28<6> 6 15% 3/4
19 15<2> 8<2> 4 17% 4/6
3 17<2> 20<5> 7 19% 0/6
7 11<2> 17<4> 6 21% 2/5
6 17<1> 12<6> 7 24% 1/7
13 8 21<7> 7 24% 4/4
8 16 28<12> 12 27% 5/7
9 12 32<12> 12 27% 6/7
14 7 21<8> 8 28% 4/7
2 10 12<7> 7 32% 1/5
20 6 9<8> 8 53% 2/5
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Only 13 of our 19 mentally normal cases were found to have had
the ``Aussage'' Test done so uniformly that results could be
fairly compared, as in the above table. The reader will find it
easy to refer back to the case for noting other correlations with
behavior. In the first double column the items which were given
in free recital come first, and in the second part the number of
positive responses to questions by the examiner. The
coefficients attached to these represent the number of egregious
errors or entirely fictitious items given. It should be clearly
understood that slight deviations from facts, for instance in
color, are not counted as errors for our present purposes. In a
later study on this whole topic of the psychology of testimony
there will be much more complete itemizing. The errors in which
we are particularly interested can perhaps best be called pure
inventions. In the next double column is given, first, the total
number of incorrect items and, then, the percentage of these to
the total number of items reported. In the last column
suggestibility is dealt with. We have been accustomed to offer 7
suggestions, asking the individual whether such and such things
which might well be in a butcher shop really appeared in the
picture. For several reasons not all of the 7 suggestions were
asked in every case, therefore the result is best viewed as a
statement in fractions-- the numerator being the number of
suggestions accepted and the denominator the number of
suggestions offered.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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