111 Christian Hermann Weisse, _Beiträge zur Kritik der paulinischen Briefe an die Galater, Römer, Philipper und Kolosser_ (“Contributions to the Criticism of the Pauline Epistles to the Galatians, Romans, Philippians, and Colossians”). Edited by E. Sulze, 1867, 65 pp. By way of introduction the pupil prefixes an essay on the principles of his master’s “stylistic criticism.” In the reconstructed texts it is apparent that the author had spent on them, as he says in his Dogmatic, the “diligent work of many years.” It is a piece of really skilled workmanship. 112 Daniel Völter, _Die Entstehung der Apokalypse,_ 1882, 72 pp. _Die Komposition der paulinischen Hauptbriefe,_ 1890, 174 pp. The Epistles examined are those to the Romans and Galatians. _Paulus und seine Briefe. Kritische Untersuchungen zu einer neuen Grundlegung der paulinischen Briefliteratur und ihrer Theologie,_ 1905, 331 pp. Here he deals with Corinthians, Romans, Galatians, and Philippians. The results arrived at in the previous book are, as a rule, taken over. Völter rejects the genuineness of 1 Thessalonians, and sees in the letters to the Colossians and Ephesians, and in the Pastorals, new “phases in the development” of Paulinism. 113 In its original form it consisted, Völter thinks, of the following sections: i. I, 5b-7, 8-17; v. I-12, 15-19, 21; vi. I-13, 6:16-23; chapters xii. and xiii.; xiv. I-xv. 6; xv. 14-16, 23b-33, xvi 21-24. 114 Völter is also able to indicate additions which have taken place subsequently to this redaction. The interpolations in Philippians relate, according to him, chiefly to Christology and eschatology. The author of these additions had before him Romans and Corinthians in their interpolated form, and was also doubtless acquainted with Galatians. 115 The well-known German religious journal. 116 The labour of making an inventory of what has been done in this kind of criticism up to the year 1894 was undertaken by C. Clemen in his work, _Die Einheitlichkeit der paulinischen Briefe an der Hand der bisher mit Bezug auf sie aufgestellten Interpolations- und Kompilationshypothesen_ (“The Integrity of the Pauline Epistles, with Reference to the Hypotheses of Interpolation or Compilation which have been applied to them”), 1894, 183 pp. He takes account also of all contributions to the journals. This gives a special value to this laborious and unselfish work. A survey of previous work in conjectural criticism is given by J. M. S. Baljon in _De Tekst der Brieven van Paulus aan de Romeinen, de Corinthiërs en de Galatiërs,_ 1884, 189 pp. 117 Friedrich Spitta, _Untersuchungen über den Brief des Paulus an die Römer_ (“A Study of the Epistle to the Romans”), 1901, 193 pp. In the work _Zur Geschichte und Literatur des Urchristentums,_ vol. iii. part i. NOTES FOR CHAPTER VI THE POSITION AT THE BEGINNING OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY