PG., like Swiss,[39] dislikes the imperfect tense, and prefers G. _Ich habe gedacht_ (I have thought), to G. _Ich dachte_ (I thought), which gives forms like-- Wii ich n gesee˛ hab, hab ich gedenkt ær wært k'sund. _As I saw him_ (having seen him) _I thought he would get well._ Ich bin gangǝ _I have gone;_ not G. Ich gieng _I went_, nor gegangen _ygone_. Whan myn houſbond is fro the world i-gon,--_Chaucer_, (_Wright's ed._) l. 5629. With menſtralcy and noyſe that was (y-)maked, l. 2526. Bet is to be (y-)weddid than to brynne. l. 5634. PG. has also 'kummǝ' (has come) for G. gekommen, showing a tendency to follow a law which caused ge-(y-, i-) to be dropped in English. The practice seems to have started with _gekommen_ and _gegangen_, because they are much used, and their initial guttural absorbs the guttural _g-_ or _k-_ of the prefix. In an Austrian dialect,[40] _ge-_ disappears before _b_, _p_, _d_, _t_, _z_, as in "Ih bin kumma" (I have come), PG. Ich bin kummǝ. PG. Ich hab s [G. gekauft] kaaft im schtoor. _I bought it at the 'store.'_ Hǝscht mei˛ briif krikt? _Hast_ (G. gekriegt) _received my letter?_ Ich schreib n briif. _I write a letter._ "Der Charle hat jung geheiert un hat e fleiszige Fra krickt," _Wollenweber_, p. 78. D'r 'Tschærli' hǝt jung k'eiǝrt un hǝt ǝ fleissighǝ fraa krikt. _'Charley' married young and got an industrious wife._ G. Es regne. _It may rain._ PG. s maak (G. mag) reeghǝrǝ. G. Es regnete. _It might rain._ PG. s kennt (G. könnt) reeghǝrǝ. G. Es habe geregnet. _It may have rained._ PG. s kennt reeghǝ hawwǝ. PG. has the Swiss _als_ (hitherto, formerly, always), a form in which it is not shortened into _a's_, as in-- ær hǝt als ksaat ær wær (or wæær) miir niks schuldich. (_Ziegler_). _He has hitherto said he is to-me nothing indebted._ Mr. Rauch, in his partly English spelling, has-- "Er hut aw behawpt das mer set sich net rula lussa bi seiner fraw, un das de weiver nix wissa fun denna sacha, un das es kens fun eara bisness is we an monn vote odder we oft er _=als=_ drinkt." .ær hǝt aa behaapt dass mǝr set sich net 'ruulǝ' lǝssǝ bei seinǝr fraa, un dass dii weiwǝr niks wissǝ fun dennǝ sachǝ, un dass es kens fun eerǝ 'bissnǝss' iss wii ǝn mann 'woot,' ǝdǝr wii ǝft ær als drinkt. _He_ (_has_) _maintained that one should not_ (lassen) _let_ (sich) _one's-self be 'ruled' by one's wife, and that the_ (weiber nichts wissen) _women know nothing of such things, and that it is_ (keines von ihre) _none of their 'business' how a man 'votes,' or how oft he_ (als) ALWAYS _drinks._ In the following Suabian example (Radlof 2, 17) _als_ is a form of G. alles (all), and _schmieren_ is used as in PG. for _to pay off, to trick_.