Peter's Rock in Mohammed's Flood, from St. Gregory the Great to St. Leo IIIAllies, T. W. (Thomas William)
Islamic
Peter's Rock in Mohammed's Flood, from St. Gregory the Great to St. Leo III
Allies, T. W. (Thomas William)
Christianity and other religions -- Islam; Church history -- Middle Ages, 600-1500; Papacy; Papacy -- History
The legates were honourably received in the capital and lodged in the
Placidia Palace. After their arrival on the 10th September, 680, the
emperor invited the patriarch George, of Constantinople, and through him
Makarius, of Antioch, to call to council the metropolitans subject to
them. At first the court had not thought of the sees of Alexandria and
Jerusalem, which were under Saracen domination. But before the Council
entered on deliberation two regular priests, Peter and George, were found,
the first to represent Alexandria, the last to stand in the place of
Theodore, vicar of the patriarchate of Jerusalem. It would seem that it
was as well through this representation of the other sees, as also because
of what Pope Agatho had done, that the Council which now met, though it
had not been the original purpose of the emperor, from its beginning was
marked as ecumenical, and afterwards took rank as the Sixth of these with
the Five preceding.
The Council was held from the 7th November, 680, to the 16th September,
681, in the hall called the Dome of the Imperial Palace, under the
presidency of the papal legates and the imperial presidency of honour. The
Emperor, with many officers of State, was present at the first eleven
sessions, and with them directed the external order of business; but both
he and they were carefully distinguished from the members of the Council,
whose numbers did not at first reach a hundred, but afterwards rose to
174.
In the first session, the 7th September, the Roman deputies, in an address
to the emperor, desired that those who represented the Byzantine Church
would declare the origin of the innovation which had existed in it for
more than forty years. Macarius and his associates appealed to the earlier
General Councils and to the Fathers. Thereupon the acts of the Council of
Ephesus were read. There was found in them nothing in favour of the
Monothelites, for the words of Cyril, that the will of Christ was
almighty, could only be referred to His divine nature. In the second
session, on the 10th November, the acts of the Council of Chalcedon were
read, which were entirely unfavourable to the heresy. Macarius in vain
attempted to insist on the words “theandric operation” without determining
their meaning. On the reading the acts of the Fifth Council, at the third
sitting, the 13th November, the writing of Mennas to Vigilius and two
alleged letters of the latter were admitted to be spurious. The
Monothelites could show nothing for themselves out of the General
Councils. They had now to seek proof from the writings of the Fathers.
They begged for time, and, on the proposition of George of Constantinople,
the letters of Agatho and the Roman Council were ordered to be read, which
occupied the fourth session, on the 15th November. In the fifth and sixth
sessions, of the 7th December, 680, and the 12th February, 681, Macarius
proposed passages from the writings of Fathers in behalf of his doctrine,
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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