CHAPTER XL. The flowering of Patristic Literature, No. 1. CHAPTER XLI. The flowering of Patristic Literature, No. 2. CHAPTER XLII. St. Leo the Great. VOLUME VI. _THE HOLY SEE AND THE WANDERING OF THE NATIONS: LEO I. TO GREGORY I._ CHAPTER XLIII. The Holy See and the Wandering of the Nations. CHAPTER XLIV. Cæsar fell down. CHAPTER XLV. Peter stood up. CHAPTER XLVI. Justinian. CHAPTER XLVII. St. Gregory the Great. VOLUME VII. _PETER’S ROCK IN MOHAMMED’S FLOOD._ CHAPTER XLVIII. The Pope and the Byzantine. CHAPTER XLIX. Pope Martin: his Council, and his Martyrdom. CHAPTER L. Heraclius betrays the Faith, and cuts his empire in two. CHAPTER LI. Christendom and Islam. CHAPTER LII. Old Rome and New Rome. CHAPTER LIII. An Emperor-Priest and four great Popes. CHAPTER LIV. Rome’s Three Hundred Years, 455-756, from Genseric to Aistulf, between the Goth, the Lombard, and the Byzantine. CHAPTER LV. From Servitude to Sovereignty. CHAPTER LVI. The Making of Christendom. PREFACE. This volume is strictly in continuance of the two which it follows—“The Throne of the Fisherman built by the Carpenter’s Son,” and “The Holy See and the Wandering of the Nations”. It is bulk alone which prevents my offering the three in one cover as historic proof, from original documents, of the first eight centuries that the Holy See by the institution of Christ is the Root, the Bond, and the Crown of Christendom. The works chiefly used in it are before and above all the letters of the Popes in their office of governing the Christian Commonwealth, which are contained in the great collection of Mansi, thirty-one volumes folio. The full titles of other works chiefly referred to are Cardinal Hergenröther, to whose work, _Photius, Patriarch von Constantinopel, sein Leben, seine Schriften, und das griechische Schisma_, and to his _Handbuch der allgemeinen Kirchengeschichte_, I owe great obligations—they are each in three volumes; Alfred von Reumont, _Geschichte der Stadt Rom_, in three volumes; Gregorovius, _Geschichte der Stadt Rom_, in eight volumes; Kurth, _Les origines de la Civilisation moderne_, in two volumes; Jungmann, _Dissertationes_, in seven volumes; the German edition of Rohrbacher’s History, vol. x. by Rump, vol. xi. by Kellner; Hefele, _Concilien-Geschichte_, in seven volumes; Muratori, _Annali d’Italia_; Brunengo, _Le Origini della Sovranità Temporale dei Papi_, and _I primi Papi-Re e l’ultimo Re dei Longo-bardi_; F. von Hoensbroech, _Enstehung und Entwicklung des Kirchenstaates_; Niehues, _Kaiserthum und Papstthum_, Döllinger, _Muhammed’s Religion, nach ihrer inneren Entwicklung und ihrem Einflusse auf das Leben der Völker_. Regensburg, 1838. CONTENTS