Petersburg National Military Park, VirginiaLykes, Richard Wayne
History
Petersburg National Military Park, Virginia
Lykes, Richard Wayne
Petersburg (Va.) -- History -- Siege, 1864-1865; Petersburg National Battlefield (Va.)
Sheridan was prepared to move against the Confederates with his cavalry
on March 30, but heavy rains lasting from the evening of March 29 until
the morning of the 31st made a large-scale movement impracticable over
the unpaved roads. During the storm he kept his horses around Dinwiddie.
On the last day of the month a portion of Sheridan’s forces which had
pushed northwest toward Five Forks were engaged by Southern forces who
succeeded in driving them back toward the main Union troop concentration
at Dinwiddie Court House. Pickett, the Confederate leader, then found
his men badly outnumbered and withdrew them to Five Forks without
pressing the advantage he had gained. This incident, often called the
Battle of Dinwiddie Court House, was a minor Confederate victory,
although Sheridan’s men were neither demoralized nor disorganized by the
attack, and Lee could find small comfort in the situation. Lee was able
to concentrate on his right only about 10,600 cold and hungry
Confederates to meet the expected Union drive to turn his right flank.
Massed against him at this part of the line were more than 10,000
Northern cavalry and 43,000 infantry. The desperate urgency of Lee’s
fears was indicated in the dispatch he sent to Pickett early on April 1,
the day of the struggle for Five Forks. “_Hold Five Forks at all
hazards._ Protect road to Ford’s Depot and prevent Union forces from
striking the south-side railroad. Regret exceedingly your forced
withdrawal, and your inability to hold the advantage you had gained.”
[Illustration: _A Union Army wagon train entering Petersburg._
Courtesy, National Archives.]
Throughout April 1, Pickett’s troops worked unceasingly, erecting
barricades of logs, branches, and earth around Five Forks. At about 4 p.
m., with only 2 hours of daylight remaining, Sheridan’s cavalry and
Warren’s infantry attacked. While the dismounted cavalry charged the
Confederates from the front of their newly erected defense line, two
divisions of foot soldiers from the V Corps drove around to the left of
Pickett’s troops and, after crossing the White Oak Road which connected
Five Forks with Petersburg, hit them on the weakly held left flank.
Lacking sufficient artillery support, the Southerners were quickly
overcome. Realizing that their position was no longer tenable, portions
of the Confederate troops tried to retreat to Petersburg, but the avenue
of escape had been cut by the Union advance across the White Oak Road.
By dusk, the Battle of Five Forks had ended. Union troops were in
possession of the disputed area. They had cut off and captured over
3,200 prisoners, while suffering a loss which was probably less than
1,000. Now the besieging forces had nearly succeeded in accomplishing
Grant’s objective of encircling the city. The western extremity of Lee’s
defenses had crumbled.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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