Philipp Reis: Inventor of the Telephone: A Biographical SketchThompson, Silvanus P. (Silvanus Phillips)
History
Philipp Reis: Inventor of the Telephone: A Biographical Sketch
Thompson, Silvanus P. (Silvanus Phillips)
Reis, Philipp, 1834-1874; Telephone -- History
“The following particulars concerning Reis’s Telephone I have several
times narrated. I was teacher of music in Garnier’s Institute at the
time when Mr. Reis invented the telephone, in the year 1861. I was much
interested in his experiments, and visited him daily, giving him help
and making suggestions. His first idea was to imitate the construction
of the human ear. He constructed a funnel-shaped instrument, the back
of which was covered with a skin of isinglass, upon which was fastened
a piece of platinum, against which rested a platinum point. As receiver
of the electric current he used a common knitting-needle, surrounded
by a coil of insulated green wire, which was at first merely laid on a
table. At first the tones were very much interfered with by a buzzing
noise. At my suggestion he placed the spiral upon my violin as a
resonant-box; whereupon the tones were perfectly understood, though
still accompanied by the buzzing noise. He continued experimenting,
trying various kinds of membranes, and made continual improvements
in the apparatus. I was present and assisted at the experiments at
Frankfort-on-the-Main, on the 26th of October, 1861; and after the
meeting broke-up, I saw the members of the Society as they came and
congratulated Mr. Reis on the success of his experiments. I played
upon the English horn, and Philipp Schmidt sang. The singing was
heard much better than the playing. At an experiment which we made
at Friedrichsdorf, in the presence of Hofrath Dr. Müller, Apothecary
Müller, and Professor Dr. Schenk, formerly Director of Garnier’s
Institute, an incident occurred which will interest you. Singing was
at first tried; and afterwards his brother-in-law, Philipp Schmidt,
read long sentences from Spiess’s ‘Turnbuch’ (Book of Gymnastics),
which sentences Philipp Reis, who was listening, understood perfectly,
and repeated to us. I said to him, ‘Philipp, you know that whole
book by heart;’ and I was unwilling to believe that his experiment
could be so successful unless he would repeat for me the sentences
which I would give him. So I then went up into the room where stood
the telephone, and purposely uttered some nonsensical sentences, for
instance: ‘Die Sonne ist von Kupfer’ (The sun is made of copper),
which Reis understood as, ‘Die Sonne ist von Zucker’ (The sun is made
of sugar); ‘Das Pferd frisst keinen Gurkensalat’ (The horse eats no
cucumber-salad); which Reis understood as ‘Das Pferd frisst....’ (The
horse eats ...). This was the last of these experiments which we tried.
Those who were present were very greatly astonished, and were convinced
that Reis’s invention had opened out a great future.
“H. F. Peter, Musiklehrer.”
* * * * *
Stephen Mitchell Yeates, Esq.
[Illustration: Fig. 42.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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