Philosophical Letters: or, modest Reflections upon some Opinions in Natural PhilosophyNewcastle, Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of
Philosophy
Philosophical Letters: or, modest Reflections upon some Opinions in Natural Philosophy
Newcastle, Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of
Newcastle, William Cavendish, Duke of, 1592-1676; Philosophy
Infinite God, which servant is corporeal or material Nature: God is
onely to be admired, adored, and worshipped; but not ungloriously
to be discoursed of; Which Omnipotent God, I pray of his Infinite
Mercy to give me Faith to believe in him, and not to let presumption
prevail with me so, as to liken vain and idle conceptions to that
Incomprehensible Deity. These, _Madam_, are my humble Prayers to God;
and my request to you is, that I may continue the same in your love and
affection, which I have been hitherto; so shall I live content, and
rest,
Madam,
_Your faithful Friend_
_and Servant._
SECT. III.
I.
_MADAM,_
I have discharged my duty thus far, that in obedience to your commands,
I have given you my answers to the opinions of three of those famous
and learned _Authors_ you sent me, _viz. Hobbes, Des Cartes_, and
_More_, and explained my own opinions by examining theirs; My onely
task shall be now to proceed in the same manner with that famous
Philosopher and Chymist, _Van Helmont_; But him I find more difficult
to be understood then any of the forementioned, not onely by reason
of the Art of Chymistry, which I confess myself not versed in, but
especially, that he has such strange terms and unusual expressions
as may puzle any body to apprehend the sense and meaning of them:
Wherefore, if you receive not that full satisfaction you expect
from me, in examining his opinions and arguments, I beg your pardon
before-hand, and desire you to remember, that I sent you word in the
beginning, I did undertake this work more out of desire to clear my
own opinions, then a quarrelsome humor to contradict others; which
if I do but obtain, I have my aim. And so to the business: When as
your _Author_ discourses of the causes and beginnings of Natural
things, he is pleased to say,[1] That _Souls and Lives, as they know
no Degrees, so they know no Parts_; which opinion is very different
from mine: For although I confess, that there is but one kind of Life,
and one kind of Soul in Nature, which is the sensitive Life, and the
rational Soul, both consisting not onely of Matter, but of one kind of
Matter, to wit, Animate; nevertheless they are of different degrees,
the matter of the rational Soul being more agil, subtil and active,
then the matter of the sensitive Life; which is the reason that the
rational can act in its own substance or degree of matter, and make
figures in it self, and its own parts; when as the sensitive, being
of somewhat a grosser degree then the rational, and not so subtil
and active, is confined to work with and upon the Inanimate matter.
But mistake me not, _Madam_, for I make onely a difference of the
degrees of Subtilty, Activity, Agility, Purity, betwixt rational and
sensitive Matter; but as for the rational Matter it self, it has no
degrees of Purity, Subtilty and Activity in its own Nature or Parts,
but is always one and the same in its substance in all Creatures, and
so is the sensitive.
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