Philosophical Letters: or, modest Reflections upon some Opinions in Natural PhilosophyNewcastle, Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of
Philosophy
Philosophical Letters: or, modest Reflections upon some Opinions in Natural Philosophy
Newcastle, Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of
Newcastle, William Cavendish, Duke of, 1592-1676; Philosophy
The _Ferment_[8] he describes to be _A true Principle or Original
beginning of things, to wit, a Formal Created beginning, which is
neither a substance, nor an accident, but a Neutral being, framed from
the beginning of the World in the places of its own Monarchy, in the
manner of Light, Fire, the magnal or sheath of the Air, Forms, &c. that
it may prepare, stir up, and go before the Seeds._ Lastly, his _Ideas_
are _Certain formal seminal Lights,_[9] _mutually piercing each other
without the adultery of Union; For_, says he, _although at first, that,
which is imagined, is nothing, but a meer being of reason, yet it doth
not remain such; for truely the Fancy is a sealifying vertue, and in
this respect is called Imaginative, because it forms the Images of
Likenesses, or Ideas of things conceived, and doth characterize them
in its own Vital Spirit, and therefore that Idea is made a spiritual
or seminal powerful being, to perform things of great moment._ And
those Ideas he makes various and numerous; as _Archeal Ideas, Ideas of
Diseases, Sealifying Ideas, Piercing Ideas, Forreign and strange Ideas,
Mad Ideas, Irrational and Incorrigible Ideas, Staggering Ideas,_ and a
hundred others: the like of _Gas, Blas,_ and the rest. Thus, _Madam_, I
have made a rehearsal of your _Authors_ strange, and hitherto unknown,
Principles (as his Confession is) of Natural things, which, to my
sense and reason, are so obscure, intricate and perplex, as is almost
impossible exactly to conceive them; when as Principles ought to be
easie, plain, and without any difficulty to be understood; Wherefore
what with his Spirits, meer-beings, _non_-beings, and neutral-beings,
he troubles Nature, and puzles the brains of his Readers so, that, I
think, if all men were of his opinion, or did follow the way of his
Philosophy, Nature would desire God she might be annihilated: Onely, of
all other, she doth not fear his Non-beings, for they are the weakest
of all, and can do her the least hurt, as not being able to obstruct
real and corporeal actions of Nature; for Nature is a corporeal
substance, and without a substance Motion cannot be, and without
Motion opposition cannot be made, nor any action in Nature, whether
Prints, Seals, Stamps, Productions, Generations, Thoughts, Conceptions,
Imaginations, Passions, Appetites, or the like: and if motions cannot
be without substance; then all Creatures, their properties, faculties,
natures, &c., being made by corporeal motions, cannot be _Non_-beings,
no nor anything else that is in Nature; for _non_-beings are not in
the number of Natural things, Nature containing nothing within her,
but what is substantially, really, and corporeally existent. But your
Authors _Ideal Entity_, (whereof he is speaking in another place of
his Works,)[10] which performs all the Works of Nature, seems to me,
as if it were the Jack of all Offices, or like the Jack in a Clock,
that makes every Wheel move; for it hath an admirable power to put off
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