Philosophical Letters: or, modest Reflections upon some Opinions in Natural PhilosophyNewcastle, Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of
Philosophy
Philosophical Letters: or, modest Reflections upon some Opinions in Natural Philosophy
Newcastle, Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of
Newcastle, William Cavendish, Duke of, 1592-1676; Philosophy
Concerning those parts and chapters of your _Authors_ Works, which
treat of Physick; before I begin to examine them, I beg leave of you
in this present, to make some reflections first upon his Opinions
concerning the Nature of Health and Diseases: As for _Health_, he is
pleased to say,[1] That _it consists not in a just Temperature of the
body, but in a sound and intire Life; for otherwise, a Temperature of
body is as yet in a dead Carcass newly kill'd, where notwithstanding
there is now death, but not life, not health_: Also he says,[2] _That
no disease is in a dead carcass._ To which I answer, That, in my
opinion, Life is in a dead Carcass, as well as in a living Animal,
although not such a Life as that Creature had before it became a
Carcass, and the Temperature of that Creature is altered with the
alteration of its particular life; for the temperature of that
particular life, which was before in the Animal, doth not remain in
the Carcass, in such a manner as it was when it had the life of such
or such an Animal; nevertheless, a dead Carcass hath life, and such a
temperature of life, as is proper, and belonging to its own figure: for
there are as many different lives, as there be different creatures,
and each creature has its particular life and soul, as partaking of
sensitive and rational Matter. And if a dead Carcass hath life, and
such a temperature of motions as belong to its own life, then there
is no question, but these motions may move sometimes irregularly in
a dead Carcass as well, as in any other Creature; and since health
and diseases are nothing else but the regularity or irregularity of
sensitive corporeal Motions, a dead Carcass having Irregular motions,
may be said as well to have diseases, as a living body, as they name
it, although it is no proper or usual term for other Creatures, but
onely for Animals. However, if there were no such thing as a disease
(or term it what you will, I will call it Irregularity of sensitive
motions) in a dead Carcass, How comes it that the infection of a
disease proceeds often from dead Carcasses into living Animals? For,
certainly, it is not meerly the odour or stink of a dead body, for
then all stinking Carcasses would produce an Infection; wherefore this
Infection must necessarily be inherent in the Carcass, and proceed
from the Irregularity of its motions. Next I'le ask you, Whether a
Consumption be a disease, or not? If it be, then a dead Carcass might
be said to have a disease, as well as a living body; and the Ægyptians
knew a soveraign remedy against this disease, which would keep a dead
Carcass intire and undissolved many ages; but as I said above, a dead
Carcass is not that which it was being a living Animal, wherefore
their effects cannot be the same, having not the same causes. Next,
your _Author_ is pleased to call, with _Hippocrates, Nature the onely
Physicianess of Diseases._ I affirm it; and say moreover, that as
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