Philosophical transactions, Vol. L. Part II. For the year 1758.: Giving some account of the present undertakings, studies, and labours, of the ingenious, in many considerable parts of the world.Various
History
Philosophical transactions, Vol. L. Part II. For the year 1758.: Giving some account of the present undertakings, studies, and labours, of the ingenious, in many considerable parts of the world.
Various
Science -- Periodicals
However, the images formed at the foci of these object-glasses were
still very far from being so distinct as might have been expected
from the removal of so great a disturbance; and yet it was not very
difficult to guess at the reason, when I considered, that the radii of
the spherical surfaces of those glasses were required to be so short,
in order to make the refractions in the required proportions, that
they must produce aberrations, or errors, in the image, as great, or
greater, than those from the different refrangibility of light. And
therefore, seeing no method of getting over that difficulty, I gave up
all hopes of succeeding in that way.
And yet, as these experiments clearly proved, that different substances
diverged the light very differently, in proportion to the refraction;
I began to suspect, that such variety might possibly be found in
different sorts of glass, especially as experience had already shewn,
that some made much better object-glasses, in the usual way, than
others: and as no satisfactory cause had as yet been assigned for such
difference, there was great reason to presume, that it might be owing
to the different divergency of the light by their refractions.
Wherefore, the next business to be undertaken, was to grind wedges
of different kinds of glass, and apply them together, so that the
refractions might be made in contrary directions, in order to discover,
as in the foregoing experiments, whether the refraction and divergency
of the colours would vanish together. But a considerable time elapsed
before I could set about that work; for tho’ I was determined to try
it at my leisure, for satisfying my own curiosity, yet I did not
expect to meet with a difference sufficient to give room for any great
improvement of telescopes; so that it was not till the latter end of
the year that I undertook it, when my first trials convinced me, that
this business really deserved my utmost attention and application.
I discovered a difference, far beyond my hopes, in the refractive
qualities of different kinds of glass, with respect to their divergency
of colours. the yellow or straw-coloured foreign sort, commonly called
Venice glass, and the English crown glass, are very near alike in that
respect, tho’ in general the crown glass seems to diverge the light
rather the least of the two. The common plate glass made in England
diverges more; and the white crystal or flint English glass, as it is
called, most of all.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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