Physiology and histology of the Cubomedusæ: including Dr. F.S. Conant's notes on the physiologyBerger, E. W. (Edward William)
Science
Physiology and histology of the Cubomedusæ: including Dr. F.S. Conant's notes on the physiology
Berger, E. W. (Edward William)
Cubomedusae
Yet, a little later, three of the sides at any rate showed a pretty
good coördination. The fourth was smaller and did not seem to get into
the game much--it went more on its own schedule. The four pieces were
then cut apart and placed together under a dissecting microscope. No
coördination at all could be made out. No evidence, therefore, of any
definite rate of pulsation inherent in the sensory clubs.
Cutting the nerve causes the _pedalia_ to forcibly contract inwards.
_Side, Subumbrella._--24. A whole side was cut out, the transverse
cut being above the sensory organ so as to take off [leave off] the
radial ganglion also. This pulsated, or rather contracted, nicely. The
upper end had been cut just through the _suspensorium_. It especially
gave twitchings like the twitchings of the stomach. The piece was then
halved transversely, when the upper part containing the portion of the
suspensorium twitched as before while the lower part was not seen to
contract again. This was repeated with the same result, except that a
portion of the lower part gave a slight contraction several times. The
part that contracted was at the upper end of the piece, _i. e._, nearest
the _suspensorium_. The contractions were also more longitudinal than
transverse, as the regular contractions would be.
The piece connected with the sensory clubs of course pulsated nicely.
Upon cutting off the sensory club from the stalk, pulsation ceased, but
twitching of the _velarium_ continued. This was repeated with the same
effect.
In the same animal, in cutting off the sides, the stomach was left, the
cut being through the gastric ostium. The floor of the _stomach_ was now
cut off by cutting out the four interradial points of attachment. The
stomach and the proboscis gave vigorous contractions and tied themselves
all up so that I could not cut off the proboscis.
The four pieces of the floor of the stomach left on the interradii gave
contractions nicely. The phacelli continued their squirming movements.
25. Cutting off the whole aboral end of the animal excites to very rapid
pulsations of the remaining part. The stream, as shown by particles
in the water, is apparently stronger out the aboral end than past the
velarium.
It seems that I get no good evidence that the subumbrella is able to
contract of itself without connection with special nerve centers. In the
one case noted (Experiment 31) I could not be sure but that the part that
contracted was intimately associated with the suspensorium or frenulum.
26. A piece of the subumbrella cut off and having, so far as I could
determine, no connection with ganglia, frenula, or suspensoria, gave
contractions. Another piece was not seen to contract.
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