Physiology and histology of the Cubomedusæ: including Dr. F.S. Conant's notes on the physiology — John Shaqi
Physiology and histology of the Cubomedusæ: including Dr. F.S. Conant's notes on the physiologyBerger, E. W. (Edward William)
Science
Physiology and histology of the Cubomedusæ: including Dr. F.S. Conant's notes on the physiology
Berger, E. W. (Edward William)
Cubomedusae
Other experiments (4-8, 33, 34) were tried by carrying the jar with the
animals from the weaker light of a room into the more intense light of
outdoors or into direct sunlight. The usual result was an inhibition of
pulsation and a settling to the bottom, while the medusæ immediately
became active again upon returning with them to the room. These results
were so marked that no doubts can be entertained as to their cause,
though some exceptions occurred in which animals placed in the sun
continued to swim on the surface or soon recovered pulsation. In some
experiments, too, no animals responded to the inhibitory stimulus of the
brighter light or all very soon recovered. (See, however, Temperature.)
Reducing the light by placing a coat over the jar produced the same
effect in some experiments (8, 9, 10) as did reducing the light in other
ways, while removing the coat produced the same effect as exposure to
brighter light. In these instances it appears to be the transition from
weaker to stronger light that inhibits pulsation, rather than the actual
intensity of the light; and _vice versa_. It must be noted, too, that
when left for some time in any one place the animals changed, some
coming to the surface and others going to the bottom.
These experiments show beyond doubt that Charybdea is sensitive to
light, and that it is moderate light that stimulates the animals to
activity, while darkness and strong light inhibit activity. While the
individual exceptions, as Conant himself suggests, are well explained
on the supposition of individual diversity, yet it appears that other
conditions, such as the time of day, temperature, etc., may have been
responsible for some of the exceptional experiments in which no animals
responded as expected.
While light of any intensity seems to have stimulated Romanes’[I] Sarsia
and Tiaropsis (Hydromedusæ) to activity, we note that it is moderate
light that stimulates Charybdea. This fact is evidently correlated with
the circumstance that Charybdea usually lives upon or near the bottom.
It may further be added in regard to Romanes’ Tiaropsis polydiademata,
that when it was suddenly exposed to light it went into a spasm
preceded by a long latent period during which there was a “summation of
stimulating influence” in the ganglia. Sarsiæ would congregate toward
the source of light and in general were more active in light than in the
dark, while sudden darkness often inhibited a swimming bout. Romanes
proves for Sarsia that the marginal bodies are the seat of luminous
stimulation and that it is the light rays and not heat rays that
stimulate. He also remarks that he has obtained similar results on the
covered-eyed (Scyphomedusæ) medusæ, namely, that they respond to luminous
stimulation.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account