Physiology: The Science of the BodyMartin, Ernest G.
Science
Physiology: The Science of the Body
Martin, Ernest G.
Physiology
The third kind of supporting material is connective tissue. This is
composed of tiny threads or fibers, some of which are inelastic, others
are very elastic. The inelastic fibers are found in places where a
flexible, but unyielding support is required; the elastic fibers are
located where elasticity is particularly important. Either kind of fiber
may be grouped into sheets, or into loose networks, or into stout
cords. A good example of inelastic connective tissue in sheet form is in
the _mesentery_ which holds the organs of the abdominal cavity in place.
Just under the skin, anchoring it loosely to the underlying muscles, is
connective tissue in network form. The tendons by which most of the
muscles are attached to the bones upon which they pull are made up of
inelastic connective tissue in the form of cords. The best example of
elastic connective tissue is in the large arteries, which are just as
elastic as best quality rubber tubing. Another good example is the large
and strong elastic cord which passes along the back of the neck in
cattle and sheep, and helps to support the weight of the head.
Connective tissue fibers are deposited by living connective tissue
cells. Since connective tissue is of open and relatively loose
construction, there is no problem presented in supplying the cells with
material. The meshes among the fibers are filled with fluid, and this
fluid has ready connection, in turn, with the blood. Use is made of the
abundance of body fluid in the connective tissue spaces whenever a
subcutaneous injection is given, for what is done is to inject the
desired material into the fluid which fills the spaces in the connective
tissue just beneath the skin, trusting that it will pass from there to
the blood, which it does rather gradually, and so is distributed about
the whole body.
While we are on the topic of the supporting framework, something must be
said about the grouping of the bones into what we know as the skeleton.
Of course it is evident that the effectiveness of the bony part of the
framework depends almost altogether on the way in which the individual
bones are grouped together. If the whole skeleton were
[Illustration: THE BONY AND CARTILAGINOUS SKELETON
(From Martin’s “Human Body”)]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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