Pictographs of the North American Indians. A preliminary paper: Fourth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1882-83, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1886, pages 3-256Mallery, Garrick
History
Pictographs of the North American Indians. A preliminary paper: Fourth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1882-83, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1886, pages 3-256
Mallery, Garrick
Haida Indians; Picture-writing, Indian; Tattooing
It has been already mentioned that characters substantially the
same, or homomorphs, made by one set of people, have a different
signification among others. Differing forms for the same general
conception or idea are also noticed. These may be termed symmorphs.
Some examples under these titles are noted as follows, not for the
purpose of giving an even approximately complete list, but merely to
show the manner in which they may be compared and sometimes confused
with similar characters, some of which appear in other parts of this
paper.
[Illustration: FIG. 168.]
Figure 168 represents Dakota lodges as drawn by the Hidatsa. These
characters when carelessly or rudely drawn can only be distinguished
from personal marks by their position and their relation to other
characters.
[Illustration: FIG. 169.]
Figure 169 signifies earth lodges among the Hidatsa. The circles
resemble the ground plan of the lodges, while the central markings are
intended to represent the upright poles, which support the roof on the
interior. Some of these are similar to the Kadiak drawing for island,
Figure 47, page 147.
[Illustration: FIG. 170.]
Figure 170 represents buildings erected by white men; the character is
generally used by the Hidatsa to designate Government buildings and
traders’ stores.
[Illustration: FIG. 171.]
Figure 171 is the Hidatsati, the home of the Hidatsa. Inclosure with
earth lodges within.
The Arikara sometimes simply mark dots or spots to signify men; when
in connection with small crescents to denote horses. The numerical
strength of a war party is sometimes shown in this manner, as in Figure
172.
[Illustration: FIG. 172.]
Figure 173 was drawn for dead man by the Arikara. Cf. “nothing there,”
page 168.
[Illustration: FIG. 173.]
Figure 174. In records of personal events the two lines above the head
of the fallen enemy denote among the Hidatsa that the person to whom
the exploit refers was the second to strike the body.
[Illustration: FIG. 174.]
Figure 175 shows the third person to strike the enemy, as drawn by the
Hidatsa.
[Illustration: FIG. 175.]
Figure 176 means a scalp taken. Hidatsa.
[Illustration: FIG. 176.]
Figure 177 signifies, in Hidatsa drawing, the man who struck the enemy,
and who took his gun.
[Illustration: FIG. 177.]
The following specimens from the writer’s card collection are presented
as having some individual interest:
Figure 178 was drawn by a Dakota Indian, at Mendota, Minnesota, and
represents a man holding a scalp in one hand, while in the other is
the gun, the weapon used in the destruction of the enemy. The short
vertical lines below the periphery of the scalp indicate hair. The line
crossing the leg of the Indian is only an indication of the ground upon
which the figure is supposed to stand.
[Illustration: FIG. 178.]
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