Picture-Writing of the American Indians: Tenth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1888-89, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1893, pages 3-822Mallery, Garrick
History
Picture-Writing of the American Indians: Tenth Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1888-89, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1893, pages 3-822
Mallery, Garrick
Picture-writing, Indian
The study of all the charts renders plain some points remaining in
doubt while the Lone-Dog chart was the only example known. It became
clear that there was no fixed or uniform mode of exhibiting the order
of continuity of the year-characters. They were arranged spirally or
lineally, or in serpentine curves, by boustrophedon or direct, starting
backward from the last year shown or proceeding uniformly forward from
the first year selected or remembered. Any mode that would accomplish
the object of continuity with the means of regular addition seemed
equally acceptable. So a theory advanced that there was some symbolism
in the right-to-left circling of Lone-Dog’s chart was abandoned,
especially when an obvious reproduction of that very chart was made by
an Indian with the spiral reversed. It was also obvious that when copies
were made, some of them probably from memory, there was no attempt at
Chinese accuracy. It was enough to give the graphic or ideographic
character, and frequently the character is better defined on one of the
charts than on the others for the corresponding year. One interpretation
would often throw light on the others. It also appeared that, while
different events were selected by the recorders of the different
systems, there was sometimes a selection of the same event for the
same year and sometimes for the next, such as would be natural in the
progress of a famine or epidemic, or as an event gradually became known
over a vast territory.
A test of the mode of selecting events for designating the Winter Counts
may be found in a suggestion made by the present writer in his account
of Lone-Dog’s chart, published in 1877, as follows:
The year 1876 has furnished good store of events for the
recorder’s choice, and it will be interesting to learn whether
he has selected as the distinguishing event the victory over
Custer, or, as of still greater interest, the general seizure of
ponies, whereat the tribes, imitating Rachel, weep and will not be
comforted, because they are not.
It now appears that two of the Counts made for 1876 and observed by the
writer several years later have selected the event of the seizure of the
ponies, and that none of them make any allusion to the defeat of Custer.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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