Color in ceremonies 623 Color relative to death and mourning 629 Colors for war and peace 631 Color designating social status 633 Section 4. Gesture and posture signs depicted 637 Water 642 Child 643 Negation 644 Chapter XIX. Conventionalizing 649 Section 1. Conventional devices 650 Peace; war; chief; council; plenty of food; famine; starvation; horses; horse stealing; kill and death; shot; coming rain 650-662 Hittite emblems 662 Section 2. Syllabaries and alphabets 664 The Micmac “hieroglyphics” 666 Pictographs in alphabets 674 Chapter XX. Special comparison 676 Section 1. Typical style 676 Section 2. Homomorphs and symmorphs 692 Sky; sun and light; moon; day; night; cloud; rain; lightning; human form; human head and face; hand; feet and tracks; broken leg; voice and speech; dwellings; eclipse of the sun; meteors; the cross 694-733 Section 3. Composite forms 735 Section 4. Artistic skill and methods 738 Chapter XXI. Means of interpretation 745 Section 1. Marked characters of known significance 745 Section 2. Distinctive costumes, weapons, and ornaments 749 Section 3. Ambiguous characters with ascertained meaning 755 Chapter XXII. Controverted pictographs 759 Section 1. The Grave creek stone 761 Section 2. The Dighton rock 762 Section 3. Imitations and forced interpretations 764 Chapter XXIII. General conclusions 768 List of works and authors cited 777 ILLUSTRATIONS. Page.