Transcriber's Notes: 1. Page scan source: http://www.archive.org/details/picturesgermanl00freygoog PICTURES OF GERMAN LIFE In the XVth XVIth and XVIIth Centuries. BY GUSTAV FREYTAG. =Translated from the Original by= MRS. MALCOLM. _COPYRIGHT EDITION.--IN TWO VOLUMES_. VOL. II. LONDON: CHAPMAN AND HALL, 193 PICCADILLY. 1862. LONDON: PRINTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, STAMFORD STREET. CONTENTS. SEVENTEENTH AND EIGHTEENTH CENTURIES. Introduction--Retrospect of the results of the sixteenth century--Greater development of individuality--Defects of Protestantism--A more elevated tone in Catholicism--Contrast of the Roman and German systems--Political weakness of Protestantism--The Hapsburgers--Discontent in the people CHAPTER I. The Thirty Years' War (1618 to 1638). The Army--Strength of the Army--Cost--Method of conducting the war--Political events of it--Organization of the army--The officers and the banners--Pay--Discipline--Punishments--Camp followers and their discipline--Description of a Soldier's Life before the War, by Adam Junghans CHAPTER II. The Thirty Years' War. Life and Manners of the Soldiers (1618 to 1648)--Intermixture of nations--The camp; gambling; luxury; scarcity--Superstition--Vices--Camp language--The cartel--Booty--Partisan service and spies--Marauders--Oppression CHAPTER III. The Thirty Years' War. The Villagers and their Pastors (1618 to 1648)--State of the villages--Position and manners of the peasantry--Effects of the war; money perplexities; quartering of troops; tortures--Fear; insolence; lawlessness--Love of home--The pastors and their endurance--Fate of the Pastor Bötzinger CHAPTER IV. The Thirty Years' War. Clippers of Money and Public Opinion (1618 to 1648)--The commencement of newspapers--Struggle of the press at the beginning of the war--The _kipper_ time--Money coining--Depreciation of the coinage in 1621, and its effect upon the people--Discovery of the danger; excitement; storm in the press--Specimen from the flying-sheet _expurgatio der kipper_--Theological controversial writings--Enthusiasm for Gustavus Adolphus--Character of that king--Dialogue between the king and the envoy of Brandenburg--The fate of Gustavus Adolphus--Opposition of the press to Sweden--Patriotism of the German press--The Flying-Sheet, the German Brutus--The benefit of Sweden to Germany CHAPTER V.