Pictures of German Life in the XVth, XVIth, and XVIIth Centuries, Vol. II.Freytag, Gustav
History
Pictures of German Life in the XVth, XVIth, and XVIIth Centuries, Vol. II.
Freytag, Gustav
Germany -- Civilization; Germany -- Social life and customs
The influence of the cavalry on the other hand increased. At the
beginning of the war there were two contending principles concerning
them, the method and arming of old knightly traditions were mixed up
with the Landsknechte characteristics, many of whom were also horsemen.
The heavy cavalry were still considered an aristocratic corps, the
nobleman still placed himself with his charger, his knightly armour, his
old knightly lance, and his troop of vassals, for whom he drew pay,
under the standard of the cavalry regiments. But the war made an end
gradually of this remnant of old customs. It was still, however, an
object of ambition to join the army as a soldier of fortune, either with
an esquire or alone, and whoever estimated himself highly or had made
much booty, thronged to the cavalry standard. In the German army there
were four kinds of regular cavalry, the Lancers, in full armour even to
the knightly spurs, without shield, with the knightly lance or the spear
of the Landsknechte, a sword, and two holster pistols; the Cuirassiers,
with similar armour, pistols and sword; the Arquebussiers, called later
Carbineers, half armed, with morion, and pistol proof back and breast
pieces, with two pistols and an arquebuss on a small bandolier; finally
the Dragoons, mounted pikemen, or musketeers, who fought either on foot
or on horseback. Besides these there were irregular cavalry Croats,
Stradiots, and Hussars, who almost a century before, in 1546, had made a
great sensation in Germany when Duke Maurice of Saxony borrowed them
from King Ferdinand of Bohemia. Their appearance was not displeasing;
they wore Turkish armour, a sabre, and a targe, but they were wild
robbers, and in the worst repute. Gustavus Adolphus brought to Germany
only Cuirassiers and Dragoons. His Cuirassiers were more lightly armed
than the Imperial, but far superior to them in energy of attack. During
the whole war the endeavour of the cavalry was to lighten their heavy
armour; the more the army separated into military companies the more
pressing was the necessity for greater activity.
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