Pigments, Paint and Painting: A practical book for practical menTerry, George
Science
Pigments, Paint and Painting: A practical book for practical men
Terry, George
Paint; Painting, Industrial; Pigments
(3) Take oyster-shells and clean them with warm water; put them into
the fire for ½ hour; at the end of that time take them out and let them
cool. When quite cool, pound them fine, and take away any grey parts,
as they are of no use. Put the powder in a crucible with alternate
layers of flowers of sulphur. Put on the lid, and cement with sand
made into a stiff paste with beer. When dry, put over the fire and
bake for an hour. Wait until quite cold before opening the lid. The
product ought to be white. You must separate all grey parts, as they
are not luminous. Make a sifter in the following manner:--Take a pot,
put a piece of very fine muslin very loosely across it, tie around
with a string, put the powder into the top, and rake about until only
the coarse powder remains; open the pot, and you will find a very
small powder. Mix it into a thin paint with gum water, as two thin
applications are better than one thick one. This will give paint that
will remain luminous far into the night, provided it is exposed to the
light during the day.
(4) Sulphides of calcium, of barium, of strontium, &c., give
phosphorescent powders when duly heated. Each sulphide has a
predominant colour, but the temperature to which it is heated has a
modifying effect on the colour. Calcine in a covered crucible, along
with powdered charcoal, sulphate of lime, sulphate of baryta, or
sulphate of strontia; there is produced in each case a greyish white
powder, which, after exposure to strong light (either sun-light or
magnesium light), will be phosphorescent, the colour depending on the
sulphate used and the degree of heat employed.
(5) Five parts of a luminous sulphide of an alkaline earth, 10 of
fluorspar, cryolite, or other similar fluoride, 1 of barium borate;
powdered, mixed, made into a cream with water, painted on the glass or
stone article, dried, and fired in the usual way for enamels. If the
article contains an oxide of iron, lead, or other metal, it must be
first glazed with ground felspar, silica, lime phosphate, or clay, to
keep the sulphur of the sulphide from combining with the metal. The
result is an enamelled luminous article. (Heaton and Bolas.)
(6) Boil for 1 hour 2¼ oz. caustic lime, recently prepared by calcining
clean white shells at a strong red heat, with 1 oz. pure sulphur
(flowers) and 1 qt. soft water. Set aside in a covered vessel for a
few days; then pour off the liquid, collect the clear orange-coloured
crystals which have deposited, and let them drain and dry on bibulous
paper. Place the dried sulphide in a clean graphite crucible provided
with a cover. Heat for ½ hour at a temperature just short of redness,
then quickly for about 15 minutes at a white heat. Remove cover, and
pack in clay until perfectly cold. A small quantity of pure calcium
fluoride is added to the sulphide before heating it. It may be mixed
with alcoholic copal varnish. (_Boston Jl. Chem._)
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