Bartholomew Allerton John Allerton John Billington Dorothy Bradford (1st wife of William) Wrestling Brewster Richard Britterige William Butten Robert Carter John Carver Katherine Carver (wife of John) Maid servant of the Carvers Richard Clarke Humility Cooper John Crakston son John —— Ely Thomas English Moses Fletcher Richard Gardiner John Goodman William Holbeck John Hooke Damaris Hopkins Oceanus Hopkins John Langmore William Latham Edward Leister Edmund Margeson Christopher Martin wife —— Desire Minter Ellen More Jasper More (a boy) More Joseph Mullins Solomon Prower John Rigdale wife Alice Rose Standish (1st wife of Myles) Elias Story Edward Thomson Edward Tilley wife Ann Thomas Tinker wife —— son —— William Trevore John Turner son —— son —— Roger Wilder Thomas Williams Elizabeth Winslow (1st wife of Edward) Gilbert Winslow [Illustration: {Illustrated capital}] The migration of the Pilgrim company was the result of years of friction between the adherents of the established Church of England with its perfunctory ritualisms and those who demanded the right to worship according to their conscience and the simplicity of the gospel as exemplified in the scriptures. This determined attitude on the part of the dissenters was met by arbitrary rulings on the part of the reigning monarch, King James I, of England and the bishops who received their support from the crown. The oppression became so great that in 1608 the congregation of the Pilgrim Church at Scrooby moved to Amsterdam, Holland, whence in 1609 they moved to Leyden, twenty-two miles distant. Here they remained for twelve years. It was a temporary refuge, however. There was the constantly growing fear of assimilation into Dutch life and habits as well as the absorption of a language foreign to themselves and their posterity. They preferred to remain English men and women although their relations had been friendly with the Dutch who commended their industry and their peaceful contacts. Nevertheless, King James was beginning to exercise his influence in the low countries again much to their discomfiture. Finally deciding to leave Leyden, application was made to the Virginia Company which had been established in 1606, and held patents to land along the Atlantic coast of North America from the 34th to 45th degrees of north latitude, for a patent to land suitable for settlement. Having secured their patent, estates were liquidated and, with the proceeds therefrom, together with money subscribed by the London company, styled the Merchant Adventurers, with whom they had formed a business alliance, the Speedwell, a small vessel of sixty tons, was secured and sent to Delfthaven to transport the colonists to Southampton where the Mayflower, a vessel of one hundred and eighty tons, was to join them.