In the second division we might place any hams recording the personal
names of those who founded them. Here Isaac Taylor may err in saying:
“In the Anglo-Saxon charters we frequently find this suffix united with
the names of families—never with those of individuals.” In this he
follows Leo in his _Anglo Saxon Names_. And yet on another page (compare
p. 331 with p. 131) he gives a list of places derived from the names of
individuals. But certainly Godmersham and Rodmersham suggest personal
names, and no one has ascribed any other origin to Harrietsham, which,
even down to the fifteenth century, appears as Heryotesham. In one
probably illiterate will of 1594 it is called “Henry Etisham alias
Harrysam,” the latter being no doubt the vernacular pronunciation. So
surely Meopham is Mepa’s Home. No letter o appeared in the name before
or during the 14th century, when Simon de Mepham was Archbishop of
Canterbury. It is a modern intrusion, left unpronounced. Icelham,
McClure gives as meaning the Home of Icel, like Icelsham in Sussex, thus
contravening the dictum of Taylor and Leo as to personal names. So
Offham, and probably Otham, is said by the learned _Sussex Place-Names_
to be named after King Offa, who had such power and made such great
benefactions to the Church in Sussex and Kent. Finglesham, called
Flenguessa in Domesday and Fengesham in 1206, suggests a person rather
than a family when the common ing is not then found in the name, and so
does Wittersham, especially in its old forms of Westricheshamme and
Witrychesham. Faversham was Febres-ham in 811 (Charters and Rolls), and
Febresham in 858. In Domesday (1086) it appears as Faversham, and as to
this McClure, a great recent authority in Saxon, says: “The first
element is a personal name in the genitive.” As, however, there seems to
be no similar Saxon designation, he suggests a possible survival of the
Latin Faber, _i.e._, Smith, in a thoroughly Latinized part of Kent. But
this pre-supposes that the place was named from a single unnamed
operative. Betsham is obscure, but when we find, also in Kent, Betshurst
and Betteshanger, a personal origin seems likely. As McClure says, our
Luddesdown seems to involve a personal name; he might say the same of
Luddenham.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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