The Spirit of Chicago 8 CHAPTER II CITY PLANNING IN ANCIENT AND MODERN TIMES Commerce, the leading motive in the building of cities 9 Semiramis, the first city-builder 10 The building of Babylon 10 The pyramids and temples of Egypt 10 The work of Pericles at Athens 11 The development of Rome 12 City-building during the Middle Ages 13 Rise of the city during the Renaissance 13 Origin and growth of Paris 14 Paris built according to a definite plan 14 Louis XIV. and his city-builders 15 Napoleon Bonaparte begins the transformation of Paris 15 Haussmann completes the transformation of Paris 17 City-planning in Europe since 1872 19 The influence of European peace on city-building 19 City-planning in Germany 20 The creation of new thoroughfares in London 21 Town-planning in England 22 The L’Enfant plan of Washington 23 The United States Senate Park Commission plan for Washington 25 The Cleveland group-plan 27 The Boston park system 27 City-planning in Baltimore, St. Louis and San Francisco 28 Plans for Manila, and for a summer capital at Baguio 28 Improvements in various American cities 28 CHAPTER III CHICAGO, THE METROPOLIS OF THE MIDDLE WEST The Old North West Territory 31 Reasons for expecting continuous growth in the Middle West 31 Increase in the population of Chicago 32 Recovery after the great fire of 1871 32 Chicago’s population fifty years hence 33 Attractions of city life 33 The suburbs of Chicago 34 Real estate speculation subversive of good planning 35 The development of the suburb 36 Dependence of the suburb on the municipality 37 Highways along Lake Michigan 38