REFERENCES. 4, 10, 11, 16, 17, 52, 53, 57, 73, 81, 82, 128, 141, 161, 203, 235, 240. =Bittersweet= (_Solanum Dulcamara_ L.). Some doubt exists in regard to the toxic character of this common denizen of the hedge-row, some persons regarding the berries as harmless and others as poisonous. Possibly the plant varies in toxicity. Floyer states that 30 berries killed a dog. Though stock rarely touch the plant there seems to be no doubt that it is poisonous, stem, leaves, and berries containing the toxic alkaloid found in _S. nigrum_ and the potato (_q.v._), and it is especially possible that poisoning may follow the ingestion of the berries. Johnson and Sowerby (1861) say that the leaves are narcotic, causing nausea and giddiness, and that the fruit is equally harmful, though no fatal cases then seemed to be recorded. Gillam records (_Vet. Record_, 1906) a case of poisoning of sheep. An anonymous writer in the _Mark Lane Express_ (July 24, 1911) states emphatically that this plant is very poisonous, and that he has known 14 per cent. of the sheep on a farm to be killed by it in a year, while his veterinary surgeon had had 40 cases that season, some proving fatal. _Toxic Principle._ Like _S. nigrum_, the stems, leaves, and berries of Bittersweet contain _Solanine_. The berries are stated by Esser to contain 0·3 to 0·7 per cent. of Solanine. The stems also contain the glucoside _Dulcamarin_ (C_{22}H_{34}O_{10}), which imparts a bitter taste to the plant, but which has not been fully studied. _Symptoms._ In the case recorded by Gillam (see above) the symptoms observed in sheep were small intermittent pulse, temperature 104° F., quickened respiration, staggering gait, dilated pupil, and greenish diarrhœa. The symptoms appear to be the same in the case of cattle (_Farmer and Stockbreeder_, July 10, 1911). REFERENCES. 4, 16, 40, 50, 52, 73, 81, 141, 147, 203, 213, 257. =The Potato= (_Solanum tuberosum_ L.). Though potato haulm is more or less commonly utilised on the Continent as a green fodder, and has been so used in England, yet there are good grounds for the general belief that it is not a suitable food for stock. The tubers may in general be eaten with impunity, but, under certain conditions, cannot be regarded as blameless, since they have caused serious injury. There are certainly records of injury to man from eating Potatoes, and accidents with animals have occurred more commonly. “Greened” tubers, and tubers with young shoots appear to be the chief cause of accidents, and, as regards live stock, usually when fed raw.